系泊系统的设计

The Design of Mooring System

摘要: 系泊系统是通过缆绳或其他机械装置将水面结构实施与固定点连接，而锚链的选择是多样性的，需要确定锚链的型号、长度和重物球的质量，使得浮标的吃水深度和游动区域及钢桶的倾斜角度尽可能小，否则锚会被拖行，致使节点移位丢失。首先，对系泊系统进行整体受力分析，将锚链末端与锚的链接处的切线方向与海床的夹角设为θ₁，将浮标的吃水深度设为h，建立θ₁-F(h) 方程模型h与θ₁进行表示，运用MATLAB软件求解方程 θ₁-F(h) ，得到了吃水深度h与夹角θ₁。然后，运用微分方程方法得出锚链的函数关系为悬链线。更进一步，可以根据θ₁的范围确定浮标的游动区域。为了使得钢桶满足工作状态的要求，最后讨论了重物球质量的调节方法。

Abstract: The mooring system is connected with a fixed point by means of a cable or other mechanical device, while the choice of chain is diverse. It is necessary to determine the type, length and mass of the ball, so as to make the buoy’s draft depth and swimming area and steel barrel tilt angle as small as possible. Otherwise the anchor will be dragged, which will cause the node shift to be lost. Firstly, the whole stress analysis of mooring system is carried out. Based on setting the angle to be θ₁ between the end of the anchor chain and the link of the anchor to the sea bed, and setting the buoy’s draft depth to be h, the model of θ₁ – F(h) is built. Using MATLAB software to solve the model, the draft depth h and the angle θ₁ are obtained. Then, using differential equation method, the function relation of anchor chain is obtained to be a catenary line. Furthermore, the swimming area of the buoy can be determined according to the range of θ₁. In order to make the steel barrel meet the requirement of working condition, the adjustment method of weight ball quality is discussed at last.