孤儿健康妥协行为与自尊、自我控制的关系研究

Relationship among the Health-Compromising Behaviors, Self-Esteem and Self-Control of Orphans

摘要: 目的：探讨孤儿健康妥协行为、自尊和自我控制能力的状况及其关系，为干预孤儿健康妥协行为提供科学依据。方法：采用自尊量表(SES)、自我控制量表(SCS)和青少年健康相关危险行为问卷(AHRBI)对中学在校的346名孤儿和271名非孤儿进行问卷调查。结果：孤儿与非孤儿的健康妥协行为存在显著差异(p < 0.05)，孤儿的健康妥协行为与自我控制存在显著负相关(p < 0.01)，孤儿自尊与自我控制存在显著负相关(p < 0.01)，且自我控制可以有效的预测孤儿健康妥协行为和自尊的变异(p < 0.05)。结论：孤儿是健康妥协行为的易感群体，孤儿的自我控制水平低于一般儿童，而自我控制对孤儿健康妥协行为和自尊具有重要的影响。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate health-compromising behaviors, self-esteem and self-control of orphans in order to provide scientific evidence for the intervention of health-compromising behaviors of orphans. Methods: 346 orphans and 271 non-orphans in middle school were surveyed with Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Self-Control Scale (SCS) and Adolescent Health Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI). Results: There were significant differences of health-compromising behaviors between orphans and non-orphans (p < 0.05). The negative correlations between orphans’ health- compromising behaviors and self-control ability were significant (p < 0.01), as well as the negative correlations between the orphan’s self-esteem and self-control ability (p < 0.01). Self-control ability could predict the variation of health-compromising behaviors and self-esteem (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Orphans are the vulnerable group of health-compromising behaviors, and their self-control ability level is lower than the ordinary children. Self-control ability has vital influence on health- compromising behaviors and self-esteem of orphans.