荒漠草原地区典型高速公路平曲线半径对驾驶员瞳孔直径影响分析

Analysis of Influence of Radius of Flat Curve on Driver’s Pupil Diameter in Typical Desert of Desert Steppe

摘要: 相关研究表明驾驶员行车过程中的视觉信息是影响驾驶行车安全的主要因素，而荒漠草原公路由于道路周围环境单调很容易引起驾驶员视觉疲劳，一旦出现公路线形指标突变处极易发生交通事故。为了研究荒漠草原公路长直线段后接平曲线段对驾驶员视觉信息读取及心理负荷的影响，本文选取驾驶员瞳孔直径指标，通过定量描述驾驶员瞳孔直径变化与高速公路平面线形的关系，确定驾驶员心理可容忍的平曲线半径值。首先通过现场试验获得驾驶员在荒漠草原地区典型高速公路下不同平曲线半径下的眼动指标；其次，分析驾驶员瞳孔直径与平曲线半径的相关性；最后，建立自由流下在荒漠草原地区典型高速公路平曲线上行车时，车速、半径和瞳孔直径之间的回归模型。结果表明：平曲线半径与驾驶员瞳孔直径有明显的相关性。应用拉格朗日中值定理发现，当平曲线半径R > 3354 m时驾驶员瞳孔直径变化显著，即为驾驶员瞳孔直径变化的关键点。

Abstract: Relevant studies have shown that visual information during driver’s driving is the main factor af-fecting driving safety, and desert road due to the monotony of the surrounding environment of the road can easily lead to visual fatigue of the driver. Once there is sudden change of the road linear in-dex, it is prone to traffic accidents. In order to quantitatively describe the correlation between pupil diameter changes of the driver and the plane line shape of the highway, the influence of the radius of the freeway flat curve on pupil diameter of the driver is studied based on the eye movement test. Firstly, the eye movement index of the driver under different level curve radius under the typical expressway in the desert steppe is obtained through experiments; secondly, the correlation between pupil diameter and level curve radius of the driver is analyzed; finally, the typical high speed under the free flow in the desert grassland region is established. The regression model is between vehicle speed, radius, and pupil diameter when the road is on a flat curve. The results show that there is a clear correlation between the radius of the flat curve and the pupil diameter of the driver. Using Lagrange’s mean value theorem, we found that when the radius of the flat curve R > 3354 m, the driver’s pupil diameter changes significantly, which is the key point of pupil diameter change.