护理本科生器官捐献意愿及其影响因素的调查

Investigation on the Willingness of Organ Donation and Its Predictors among the Nursing Undergraduate Students

摘要: 目的：描述护理本科生的器官捐献意愿现状，探讨其影响因素。方法：采用问卷法调查了某护理学院212名护理本科生的人口、社会学资料和器官捐献意愿、知识和态度；死亡态度以及家庭讨论意愿等。采用Spearman秩相关分析各变量与器官捐献意愿的相关性，多因素分析采用多重线性回归模型。结果：有无亲友接受过器官捐献的护理本科生的器官捐献意愿有统计学差异(p < 0.05)。护理本科生的器官捐献意愿、知识和态度的得分分别是2.31 ± 0.84、7.19 ± 1.37、105.34 ± 16.77。死亡态度得分最高的维度是自然接受维度(19.79 ± 4.77)，家庭讨论意愿得分是4.19 ± 1.26。家庭讨论意愿、器官捐献知识、认同器官捐献价值维度与器官捐献意愿呈正相关(p < 0.05)；阻碍器官捐献原因、死亡恐惧与器官捐献意愿呈负相关(p < 0.05)。3个变量(阻碍器官捐献原因、认同器官捐献价值和家庭讨论意愿)进入了回归方程。结论：护理本科生的器官捐献意愿处于中等水平，阻碍器官捐献原因、认同器官捐献价值和家庭讨论意愿是护理本科生器官捐献意愿的预测因子。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the willingness of organ donation and its predictors among the nursing undergraduate students. Methods: 212 nursing undergraduate students were surveyed by so-cio-demographic data sheet, Organ Donation Attitude Scale, Willingness to Communicate Scale and Death Attitude Profile-Revised. The correlation between the variables and the willingness of organ donation was analyzed with Spearman rank correlation, and the multivariate analysis was con-ducted by multiple linear regression model. Results: The students with relatives who had received organ donation had a higher level of willingness to donate organ (p < 0.05). The scores of the wil-lingness of organ donation, knowledge and attitude toward organ donation among the nursing undergraduate students were 2.31 ± 0.84, 7.19 ± 1.37, 105.34 ± 16.77 respectively. The scores on the Neutral-acceptance Dimension of Death Attitude were the highest (19.79 ± 4.77). The scores on the Willingness to Communicate Scale were 4.19 ± 1.26. The willingness of organ donation was posi-tively related with willingness to communicate, knowledge on organ donation and recognition of the value of organ donation (p < 0.05); the cause hindering organ donation and fear of death were nega-tively correlated with the willingness to donate organ (p < 0.05). Three variables including the cause hindering organ donation, the recognition of the value of organ donation and the willingness of communication were integrated into the multiple linear regression model. Conclusions: The wil-lingness of organ donation among nursing undergraduate students were on the average level and its predictors were the cause hindering organ donation, the recognition of the value of organ dona-tion and the willingness to communicate about organ donation among family members.