2017年北京市沙尘天细颗粒物来源解析
Source Apportionment of Fine Particles during Dust Storm Period in Beijing in 2017
DOI: 10.12677/AEP.2018.83024, PDF,  被引量    国家科技经费支持
作者: 庄 雯*, 雷志鹏：广州禾信仪器股份有限公司，广东 广州；王 炬：北京禾信科学仪器仪器有限公司，北京
关键词: 北京；沙尘；源解析；单颗粒；SPAMS；Beijing； Dust Storm； Source Apportionment； Single Particle； SPAMS
摘要: 为研究沙尘天单颗粒气溶胶的化学组成和来源，本研究采用单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪(SPAMS)分析了北京市2017年5月3日到11日沙尘天与非沙尘天的细颗粒物。沙尘天细颗粒物中钙、铁、铝和硅酸盐信号增强，非沙尘天颗粒物中含有更多的硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐等二次组分，较为老化。在线源解析结果表明沙尘天含量最高的是扬尘源(55.3%)，其次是生物质燃烧源(13.1%)和机动车尾气源(8.6%)，非沙尘天占比最高的则是二次无机源为24.6%，其次是，机动车尾气源(21.1%)和生物质燃烧源(16.8%)，扬尘源仅占13.8%。粒径分布结果表明沙尘天扬尘源颗粒物的粒径显著增大，主要来自沙尘源区的长距离传输；而沙尘天机动车尾气源的颗粒物的粒径显著变小，主要是新鲜排放出来的细颗粒物。
Abstract: To study the chemical composition and sources of single particles in dust storm period, a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was deployed to characterize the particles in Beijing from May 3 to 11. The results showed that the signals of calcium, iron, aluminum and silicate in-creased during dust storm period, while more sulfate, nitrate and ammonium were found in single particles during non-dust storm period. The source apportionment indicated particles from dust source were the most abundant with a percentage of 55.3%, followed by biomass burning (13.1%) and vehicle exhaust (8.6%). However, during non-dust storm period particles from secondary source were the most abundant (24.6%), followed by vehicle exhaust (21.1%) and biomass burning (16.8%), while the dust source only accounted for 13.8%. The results of size distribution showed a broad size range of particles from dust source, which were mainly from desert after long-range transport. The particles from vehicle exhaust showed contrary pattern with small particle size range during dust storm period, which were newly emitted from vehicle exhaust.
文章引用：庄雯, 王炬, 雷志鹏. 2017年北京市沙尘天细颗粒物来源解析[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2018, 8(3): 192-198. https://doi.org/10.12677/AEP.2018.83024

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