江苏省市售淡水养殖鱼药物残留状况及分析

Analysis of Drug Residues in Freshwater Fishes in Market of Jiangsu Province

摘要: 为了解江苏省市场销售淡水养殖鱼药物残留状况，在江苏省13个市采集了4种共493个淡水养殖鱼样品，分析了沙星类、非法染料类、磺胺类、杀虫剂类、镇静剂类和硝基呋喃类6大类共24种化合物的残留情况。结果表明，有7种化合物被不同程度的检出，检出率最高的是氧氟沙星，检出率达6.9%，检出率最低的是呋喃西林代谢物，检出率为0.4%；7种化合物被检出值范围分别为：恩诺沙星和环丙沙星(317.2 μg/kg~821.1 μg/kg)、孔雀石绿(1.3 μg/kg~64.0 μg/kg)、亚甲基蓝(16.8 μg/kg~60.2 μg/kg)、地西泮(3.44 μg/kg~22.6 μg/kg)、呋喃西林代谢物(0.85 μg/kg~1.4 μg/kg)。其中地西泮为镇静剂类药物，我国目前缺乏水产麻醉相关的法规，对鱼贩是否会过量、频繁地使用水产麻醉剂或其他镇静类药物，建议加强监管。

Abstract: In order to investigate the drug residues conditions of freshwater fishes in market of Jiangsu province, 4 kinds of 493 samples from 13 cities were collected to analyze 6 kinds of 24 compounds, such as floxacin, illegal dyes, sulfonamides, insecticides, sedatives and nitrofurans. Results show that, detection rate of ofloxacin was the highest (6.9%), while nitrofurazone (SEM) had the lowest detection rate (0.4%). 7 compounds were identified respectively: the range of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was (317.2 μg/kg~821.1 μg/kg), malachite green was (1.3 μg/kg~64.0 μg/kg), methylene blue was (16.8 μg/kg~60.2 μg/kg), diazepam was (3.44 μg/kg~22.6 μg/kg), nitrofurazone was (SEM) (0.85 μg/kg~1.4 μg/kg). Diazepam is a sedative drug. China is lack of regulations related to aquatic anesthesia. It is recommended to strengthen supervision on whether fish dealers use aquatic anesthetic or other sedative drugs excessively and frequently.