应变强化对奥氏体不锈钢焊接残余应力的影响
Effect of Cold-Stretching on Welding Residual Stress of Austenitic Stainless Steels
DOI: 10.12677/MET.2018.73022, PDF,    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 黄海斌, 韩豫*, 路慧泽：宁波工程学院，浙江 宁波；张起侨：镇海石化工程股份有限公司，浙江 宁波
关键词: 应变强化；奥氏体不锈钢；残余应力；焊接；数值模拟；Cold-Stretching； Austenitic Stainless Steel； Residual Stress； Welding； Numerical Simulation
摘要: 焊接残余应力是引起奥氏体不锈钢压力容器失效的主要原因之一。采用有限元方法，模拟奥氏体不锈钢焊接试板的焊后残余应力分布，表现为焊后残余应力值较大，超过了材料屈服极限。纵向残余应力为拉应力，沿焊缝方向表现为中间大两端小，横向残余应力两端表现为较大的压应力，中间部分为拉应力。通过应变强化，可以显著改善焊缝的残余应力大小和均匀性，除焊缝中心部位尚存少许残余应力外，其余部分的残余应力基本消除。
Abstract: Welding residual stress (RS) is one of the main reasons causing the failure of austenitic stainless steel pressure vessels. The finite element method is used to simulate the RS distribution of the welding test plate of austenitic stainless steel after welding, which shows that the RS values are larger than the material yield limit. The longitudinal RS is tensile stress, which is shown as the middle is large and the ends is small along the weld direction. The transverse RS is characterized by a large compressive stress, while the middle part is tensile stress. The value and uniformity of RS in welds can be significantly improved by cold-stretching. The most of the RS is reliefed except for a little in the central part of the weld.
文章引用：黄海斌, 韩豫, 张起侨, 路慧泽. 应变强化对奥氏体不锈钢焊接残余应力的影响[J]. 机械工程与技术, 2018, 7(3): 181-186. https://doi.org/10.12677/MET.2018.73022

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