一种三段式数字阀结构及其控制特性研究

Study on the Structure and Control Characteristics of a Three-Stage Digital Valve

摘要: 传统电液比例控制阀存在结构复杂、价格高、易堵塞、控制困难等不足，在液压试验机、硫化机等工作环境较差、成本要求较高的液驱装备应用中存在不适应性。本文设计了一种由步进电机驱动的三段式易装拆的数字阀结构，通过齿轮传动与螺纹式导向结构将步进电机转动转换为阀芯位移，大大简化了控制阀的加工难度、提高了驱动力矩；通过步进电机高频细分驱动以及高精度螺纹结构设计，实现了较高的比例控制精度。在数字阀原理设计的基础上，针对数字阀流量控制特性进行了仿真和试验研究，结果表明，数字阀具有良好的动态响应特性，响应时间在0.3 s左右。

Abstract: The traditional electro-hydraulic proportional control valve has some disadvantages such as com-plicated structure, high price, ease of generating clogging, difficulty in control and so on. Especially in the use of liquid drive equipment such as hydraulic testing machine, vulcanization machine and so on, the valve exist inadaptability. This paper designs a digital valve which has three-stage structure and is driven by stepper motor. Through gear drive and screw-thread guide-structure, the rotational displacement of the stepper motor turns into the axial displacement of valve-core. The advantages of the valve are described below: first, it greatly simplifies the processing difficulty of the control valve and improves the driving torque; second, through high frequency subdivision drive and high precision thread structure design of stepper motor, the high proportion control precision can be realized. Based on the principle design of digital valve, the simulation and experimental study on the flow control characteristics of digital valve were carried out. The results show that the digital valve has good dynamic response and the response time is about 0.3 s.