7种石化特征污染物对菲律宾蛤仔的毒性效应

Toxic Effects of 7 Petrochemical Characteristic Contaminants on Ruditapes philippinarum

摘要: 2017年10~11月，本文选取海洋生物菲律宾蛤仔，研究了7种石化工业特征污染物对菲律宾蛤仔的急性毒性试验。通过以上试验来评价毒物对菲律宾蛤仔的毒性，为石化污染事故评价提供参考。对菲律宾蛤仔急性毒性试验结果表明本试验毒物对菲律宾蛤仔均为高毒，菲律宾蛤仔对试验毒有较高的耐受性。乙基苯、甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、邻二甲苯、苯和三氯甲烷对菲律宾蛤仔半致死质量浓度96h LC₅₀值依次为53.8 mg/L、69.3 mg/L、61.4 mg/L、66.2 mg/L、62.9 mg/L、137.7 mg/L和128.5 mg/L；其安全浓度分别为0.54 mg/L、0.69 mg/L、0.61 mg/L、0.66 mg/L、0.63 mg/L、1.38 mg/L和1.28 mg/L。毒性大小为乙基苯 > 间二甲苯 > 邻二甲苯 > 对二甲苯 > 甲苯 > 三氯甲烷 > 苯。菲律宾蛤仔96 hLC50与受试毒物KOW呈显著相关，受试毒物KOW越大，菲律宾蛤仔96 hLC50值越小，该毒物毒性越大。

Abstract: To assess the toxicological effects of specific petrochemical pollutants on Ruditapes philippinarum and provide a reference for petrochemical pollution accident evaluation, acute toxicity tests were performed from October to November in 2017. The results showed that the Ruditapes philippinarum was sensitive to the pollutants and the terra cotta radicans were not. The 96 hLC50 values of ethylbenzene, toluene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, benzene and trichloromethane for Ruditapes philippinarum were 53.8 mg/L, 69.3 mg/L, 61.4 mg/L, 66.2 mg/L, 62.9 mg/L, 137.7 mg/L, and 128.5 mg/L respectively. The safety concentrations were 0.54 mg/L, 0.69 mg/L, 0.61 mg/L, 0.66 mg/L, 0.63 mg/L, 1.38 mg/L and 1.28 mg/L respectively. The toxicity is ethylbenzene > m-xylene > o-xylene > p-xylene > toluene > chloroform> benzene. The 96 hLC50 of specific petrochemical pollutants on Ruditapes philippinarum was significantly associated with the KOW value. The greater of KOW value, the lower of 96 hLC₅₀ and the greater the toxicity.