关于共情的认知神经研究
A Review of Cognitive Neuroscience Studies on Empathy
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2018.87116, PDF,  被引量   
作者: 郑意颖：上海师范大学教育学院，上海
关键词: 共情；神经基础；认知神经；Empathy； Cognitive Neuroscience； Neural Basis
摘要: 共情是指个体对他人的想法和情绪的感受和理解。近年来，认知神经科学的发展为研究共情的神经基础提供了新的视角，关于共情神经机制的研究日益增多。ERP，fMRI，PET等技术的发展使人们能够更好地认识到共情的产生机制。本文是对共情的认知神经的相关研究进行综述，并对未来可能的研究方向提出了展望。
Abstract: Empathy refers to the individual’s understanding and feelings of other people’s emotions and thoughts. In recent years, the development of cognitive neuroscience has provided a new perspective for the study of the neural basis of empathy. The research on the mechanism of empathic nerves has increased. The development of technologies such as ERP, fMRI, and PET has enabled people to better understand the generation mechanism of empathy. This article reviews the research of cognitive neuroscience on empathy and highlights its possible future.
文章引用：郑意颖 (2018). 关于共情的认知神经研究. 心理学进展, 8(7), 970-975. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2018.87116

参考文献

[1] 程家萍, 罗跃嘉, 崔芳(2017). 认知负荷对疼痛共情的影响: 来自ERP研究的证据. 心理学报, 49(5), 622-630.
[2] 程真波, 黄宇霞(2012). 疼痛共情的神经机制.心理科学, 35(2), 436-440.
[3] 崔芳, 罗跃嘉(2009). 不同共情能力个体加工情绪面孔的ERP研究.中国临床心理学杂志, 17(4), 390-393.
[4] 贾蕾, 李幼穗(2005). 儿童社会观点采择与分享行为关系的研究. 心理与行为研究, 3(4), 305-309.
[5] 史占彪, 张建新, 陈晶(2007). 共情概念的演变. 中国临床心理学杂志, 15(6), 664-667.
[6] 岳童, 黄希庭(2016). 认知神经研究中的积极共情. 心理科学进展, 24, 402-409.
[7] 郑日昌, 李占宏(2006). 共情研究的历史与现状. 中国心理卫生杂志, 4, 277-279.
[8] Cheng, Y., Yang, C. Y., Lin, C. P., Lee, P. L., & Decety, J. (2008). The Perception of Pain in Others Suppresses Somatosensory Oscillations: A Magnetoencephalography Study. Neuroimage, 40, 1833-1840.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Craik, F. I. M,Moroz, T. M., Moscovitch, M., et al. (1999). In Search of the Self: A Positron Emission Tomography Study. Psychological Science, 10, 26-34.[CrossRef] 
[10] Cui, F., Ma, N., & Luo, Y. J. (2016). Moral Judgment Modulates Neural Responses to the Perception of Other’s Pain: An ERP Study. Scientific Reports, 6, 20851.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] De Vignemont, F., & Singer, T. (2006). The Empathic Brain: How, When and Why? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10, 435-441.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Decety, J. (2002). Naturaliserl’empathie. L’Encéphale, 28, 9-20.
[13] Decety, J., & Jackson, P. L. (2004). The Functional Architecture of Human Empathy. Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews, 3, 71-100.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Decety, J., & Lamm, C. (2006). Human Empathy through the Lens of Social Neuroscience. The Science World Journal, 6, 1146-1163.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Decety, J., Yang, C. Y., & Cheng, Y. W. (2010). Physicians Down-Regulate Their Pain Empathy Response: An Event-Related Brain Potential Study. NeuroImage, 50, 1676-1682.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Gladstein, G. A. (1983). Understanding Empathy: Integrating Counseling Developmental and Social Psychology Perspectives. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30, 467-482.[CrossRef] 
[17] Gu, X. S., Hof, P. R., Friston, K. J., & Fan, J. (2013). Anterior Insular Cortex and Emotional Awareness. The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 521, 3371-3388.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Hogan, D. (1969). Development of an Empathy Scale. Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 307-316.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Lamm, C., Silani, G., & Singer, T. (2015). Distinct Neural Networks Underlying Empathy for Pleasant and Unpleasant Touch. Cortex, 70, 79-89.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Lieberman, M. D. (2007). Social Cognitive Neuroscience: A Review of Core Process. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 259-265.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Meyer, M. L., Masten, C. L., Ma, Y. N., Wang, C. B., Shi, Z. H., Eisenberger, N. I., & Han, S. H. (2013). Empathy for the Social Suffering of Friends and Strangers Recruits Distinct Patterns of Brain Activation. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8, 446-454.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Morelli, S. A., & Lieberman, M. D. (2013). The Role of Automaticity and Attention in Neural Processes Underlying Empathy for Happiness, Sadness, and Anxiety. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 1-14.
[23] Morrison, I., & Downing, P. E. (2007). Organization of Felt and Seen Pain Responses in Anterior Cingulate Cortex. Neuroimage, 37, 642-651.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Northoff, G., & Bermpohl, F. (2004). Cortical Midline Structures and the Self. Trends in Cognitive Science, 8, 102-107.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Preston, S. D., & de Waal, F. B. (2002). Empathy: Its Ultimate and Proximate Bases. Behavioral Brain Science, 25, 1-20.
[26] Rickgauer, J. P., Deisseroth, K., & Tank, D. W. (2014). Simultaneous Cellular-Resolution Optical Perturbation and Imaging of Place Cell Firing Fields. Nature Neuroscience, 17, 1816-1824.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Rizzolatti, G., Fadiga, L., Gallese, V. et al. (1996). Premotor Cortex and the Recognition of Motor Actions. Cognitive Brain Research, 3, 131-141.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Rowe, A. D., Bullock, P. R., Polkey, C. E., & Morris, R. G. (2001). “Theory of Mind” Impairments and Their Relationship to Executive Functioning Following Frontal Lobe Excisions. Brain, 124, 600-616.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Ruby, P., & Decety, J. (2003). What You Believe versus What You Think They Believe: A Neuroimaging Study of Conceptual Perspective Taking. European Journal of Neuroscience, 17, 2475-2480.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Singer, T. (2006). The Neuronal Basis and Ontogeny of Empathy and Mind Reading: Review of Literature and Implications for Future Research. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 30, 855-863.
[31] Singer, T., Seymour, B., Doherty, J. P., Stephan, K. E., Dolan, R. J., & Firth, C. D. (2006). Empathic Neural Responses Are Modulated by the Perceived Fairness of Others. Nature, 26, 466-469.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Stuss, D. T., Gallup, G., & Alexander, M. P. (2001). The Frontal Lobes Are Necessary for Theory of Mind. Brain, 124, 279-286.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Wispé, L. (1987). History of the Concept of Empathy. In N. Eisenberg, & J. Strayer (Eds.), Empathy and Its Development (pp. 17-37). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.