高速公路隧道揭近距离突出煤层群防突技术优化

The Technology Optimization of Coal and Gas Outburst Measures of Cutting through Close-Distance Coal Seam Group in the Expressway Tunnel

摘要: 隧道揭煤发生煤与瓦斯突出可能性最大的为揭近距离突出煤层群，在目前高速公路行业未制定瓦斯隧道揭煤的相关国家标准前提下，通过参照煤矿巷道和铁路隧道揭煤的相关技术规范，本文结合高速公路隧道施工断面大、地质条件复杂、近距离煤层群发生突出的危险性大等特点，在煤矿两个“四位一体”综合防突措施的主体技术下，针对性地优化了高速公路隧道揭近距离突出煤层群防突技术。本文以发耳隧道为工程实例，提出揭煤单元的划分依据；设计施工150 m超前水平探孔的探测方案；类比分析确定10 m超前安全岩柱距离留设；对抽排放技术从工程、技术、经济等因素分析，推荐采用抽放瓦斯措施；重点强调防爆措施、远距离放炮、监测监控、通风措施等安全防护措施。

Abstract: Coal and gas burst is highly possible to happen in the coal seam group with close quarters during the coal uncovering in a tunnel. Currently, the high way system has no national standard about this area. So we take the related standard of coal mine tunnel and the railway as a reference, and considering the characteristics of high way such as bigger cross-section, complicated geological condition and more possibility of burst near the coal seam group with close quarters. We optimized the technology of outburst prevention for high way from the reference of the main technology of coal mine. And the example is Fa’er tunnel. During the Fa’er tunnel engineering, we put forward the dividing evidence of coal uncovering unit, design a way of 150 meters horizon exploratory hole, compare to confirm a 10 meters safety distance, analyze the drainage technique from engineering, technology and economy, stress on the way of outburst prevention, long distance explore, monitoring and safety measure like ventilation.