限制性饮食者的注意偏向——以预加载情境为例

Attentional Bias to Food Cue of Restrained Eaters—Illustrated by the Example of Preload Paradigm

摘要: 目的：研究考察了限制性饮食者在预加载后的注意偏向。方法：共90名女大学生被试(30名成功的限制性饮食者，30名失败的限制性饮食者，30非限制性饮食者)参与了研究，实验采用视觉搜索范式，选择3 × 3的视觉刺激矩阵，以食物图片和中性材料(家具和汽车)作为刺激物，要求被试从该矩阵中找出与其它刺激类别不同的靶子。结果：1) 在注意早期，限制性饮食者和非限制性饮食者都对高能量食物刺激出现注意警觉。2) 在注意晚期，限制性饮食者和非限制性饮食者都对高能量食物刺激出现注意回避。结论：预加载之后，限制性饮食与非限制性饮食者，成功者与失败者之间均没有注意偏向上的差别。

Abstract: Purposes: The present study aimed to explore the attention bias in restrained eaters after eating the preload food. Methods: All 90 female participants (30 successful restrained eaters, 30 unsuc-cessful restrained eaters, 30 unrestrained eaters) were involved. The odd-one-out task was used to investigate the attention bias. The participants were asked to identify the targets different from other types of stimuli from the 3 × 3 visual stimulus matrix with food images and neutral materials (furniture and cars). Results: 1) In the early stage of attention, both restrained eaters and unrestrained eaters display speeded detection of food stimulus. 2) In the later stage of attention, both restrained eaters and unrestrained eaters display attentional avoidance of food stimulus. Conclusion: There was no difference in attention bias between restrained eaters and unrestrained eaters, successful restrained eaters and unsuccessful restrained eaters after eating the preload food.