道德的演化过程：评克里斯托弗?博姆《道德的起源》一书

Evolving Procedure of Morality: A Book Review on Christopher Boehm’s Moral Origin

摘要: 克里斯托弗•博姆所著的《道德的起源》一书通过对现有资料的考察以及“投射方法”的运用向人们展示了道德的起源及其演化过程，道德演化的第一阶段上启共同祖先所存活的800万年前，下迄早期智人生活的晚期阶段，而道德演化的第二阶段则由早期智人生活的晚期阶段延续至今，在道德演化的过程中，文化因素(不论是包括群体选择、声誉选择以及性选择在内的社会选择还是道德的代际传递都可以被视作一种文化因素所产生的作用)以及遗传因素总是会同时发挥重要作用，而在这两类因素的共同影响下，道德才得以在代际之间不断被传递。

Abstract: Moral Origin, which is written by Christopher Boehm, displays origin and evolving procedure of morality to us by means of analyzing several materials and using casting method. The first phase of moral evolution starts from 8 million years ago and stops at the later period of archaic Homo sapiens and the second phase of it starts from the end of first phase and continues until now. Cultural factors and inheritance factors will exert important influence on moral evolution and these two factors can deliver the morality from one generation to another.