轮胎断面的约束方式对有限元分析的影响

Influence of Tire Profile Constraints on Finite Element Analysis

摘要: 有限元分析技术在轮胎行业已经得到了广泛的应用，但如何便捷、精确的获取真实的轮胎模型仍值得进行研究。本文主要研究采用不同的约束方式对轮胎断面进行测绘建模对轮胎有限元分析造成的影响。以205/55R16半钢子午线轮胎为例，分别对自由状态和使用轮辋卡板约束状态下的轮胎断面进行测绘，并以此为基础进行了有限元建模。在建立有限元模型时，选用了Neo-Hooke本构模型描述橡胶材料，Rebar模型描述橡胶–帘线材料。对轮胎的接地印迹、径向刚度和充气外轮廓进行了有限元分析，以此与实际轮胎的试验结论进行对比，寻找更加合理的建模方式。结果表明，对于充气外轮廓来说，轮辋约束状态下的断面更符合建模要求。而对于接地印迹和径向刚度来说，自由状态下的断面更符合建模要求。

Abstract: Finite element analysis (FEA) technology has been widely used in the tire industry, but how to obtain a reliable tire model easily and accurately still deserves to be studied. In this paper, we mainly study the influence of different constraints of the tire cross-section on the FEA of tire. Taking the 205/55R16 semi-steel radial tire as an example, the tire cross section under the free state and the constrained state with the rim plate was surveyed, and the finite element model was established. In the establishment of the finite element model, the Neo-Hooke constitutive model was chosen to describe the rubber material and the Rebar model was selected to describe the rubber-cord material. Finite element analysis of the contact patch, radial stiffness and inflated outer contour of the tire is carried out to compare with the actual tire test results. Hence, we can find a more reasonable modeling method. The results show that for the inflatable outer contour, the cross-section in the constrained state of the rim meets the modeling requirements better. For the contact patch and radial stiffness, the cross-section under the free state is more suitable for the modeling requirements.