上海地区部分护理院住院老人肌少症及相关器官失能流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation of Sarcopenia and Related Organ Disability in Elderly Patients of Nursing Homes in Shanghai

摘要: 目的：了解上海地区部分护理院住院老年人中肌少症的患病率及分布，为肌少症的病因探索和防治研究提供依据。方法：从上海地区部分护理院住院老年人中进行整群随机抽样，获得受试者知情同意后进行流行病学调查以及人体成分测定。调查内容包括一般人口学资料、肌功能及人体成分测定等。结果：10家护理院中共有住院老人1780位，单侧和双侧肢体失能老人679例，肢体失能率为38.15%。有1034人接受问卷调查和接受人体成分测定，老年人肌少症总患病率为25.34%，男女患病率分别为22.05%和27.95%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，随着年龄的增长，患病率增高(P<0.05)。经对肌少症患者的相关因素进行Logistic回归分析：受教育程度是肌少症的保护因素，女性、年龄、活动减少、营养素缺乏、慢性炎症是独立危险因素。结论：上海地区部分护理院住院老年人肌少症患病率较高，且随年龄增长而增高。结果有利于相关部门对高龄化人群和长寿地区制定合理的肌少症防治策略与政策。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence and the distribution of sarcopenia in nursing homes in Shanghai, and to provide evidence for the exploration and prevention of sarcopenia. Methods: A cluster random sample of elderly patients from some nursing homes in Shanghai was selected. Epi-demiological investigation and body composition determination were conducted after informed consent was obtained. The survey includes general demographic data, muscle function and body composition determination. Results: There were 1780 inpatients in the 10 nursing homes. Among them, 679 had unilateral or bilateral limb disability. The limb disability rate was 38.15%. A total of 1034 people received questionnaires and received body composition tests. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 25.34%, and the prevalence of male and female was 22.05% and 27.95%, respec-tively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). And the prevalence increased with age (P<0.05). According to the logistic regression analysis of the related factors: the degree of education is a protective factor of sarcopenia; while women, age, decreased activity, nutrient deficiency, and chronic inflammation are independent risk factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly patients is higher in some nursing homes in Shanghai, and increases with age. The results will help the relevant departments to develop reasonable sarcopenia prevention strategies and policies for the aging population and longevity regions.