中国典型岩溶发育区域划分

Typical Zone Division of Karst Development in China

摘要: 划出中国岩溶发育的典型区域对中国岩溶区的工程地质理论研究具有积极意义。对中国碳酸盐岩分布特征、气候条件和地层岩性等方面进行了定量或半定量分析，评价了中国碳酸盐岩地区岩溶发育的区域性差异特征，从理论上合理地圈定并论证了中国典型岩溶发育区域，结果表明：中国西南岩溶地区的碳酸盐岩具有成片的大面积分布特征，其碳酸盐岩层岩性较纯，且处于对岩溶发育十分有利的热带和亚热带气候带，且该地区岩溶形态类型发育较齐全，因此属于中国最为典型的岩溶发育区；其中广西岩溶区、贵州东南部和东北部岩溶区和重庆东南部等岩溶地区的碳酸盐岩纯度最高，因而是西南片区最具代表性的岩溶发育区域。

Abstract: Determining the typical area of karst development in China would provide positive reference for theoretical research of engineering geology in karst areas in China. By quantitative or semi-quantitative analyzing on the distribution characteristics, climatic conditions and formation lithology of carbonate rocks in China, regional difference characteristics of karst development in carbonate rock regions in China are evaluated, and finally the representative karst zone in China is reasonably and theoretically delineated and demonstrated. Results show that: the pure Carbonate rocks in southwest of China in tropical and subtropical climate zones which are very favorable for karst development, distribute continuously and massively, and therefore can be considered as the most typical karst area. This is also a very explanation that karst morphology develops completely. Especially, karst in the zone including Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southeast and northeast of Guizhou Province, and southeastern of Chongqing Municipality, is the most representative karst region in southwest of China because of its purest carbonate rocks.