不同覆盖物对甘薯品种产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Mulching Materials on Yield and Quality of Sweet Potato

摘要: 栽培过程中采用黑膜、白膜和稻草进行覆盖，测定了甘薯产量及薯块营养指标，并对其进行相关性分析，旨在筛选出甘薯栽培的最佳覆盖方式，为生产优质高产的甘薯提供理论依据。结果表明：1) 覆盖黑膜的处理产量最高，其次为白膜、草，这3个处理均显著高于对照，分别比对照增产30.14%、21.92%和12.33%；2) 甘薯产量与干物率、维生素C、蔗糖、还原糖等有一定的相关性，但均不显著；3) 薯块干物率与维生素C呈极显著负相关(−0.99**)，与还原糖呈极显著正相关(0.96**)，维生素C与还原糖呈极显著负相关(−0.98**)，与蔗糖呈显著负相关(−0.91*)，还原糖与蔗糖呈极显著正相关(0.97**)。本试验认为，生产上宜选用黑膜作为覆盖物，可提高甘薯产量和品质。

Abstract: Using black plastic film, white plastic film and straw as the mulching during cultivation, the yield and nutrient index of sweet potato were tested, and the correlation analysis was carried out to screen out the best mulching method for sweet potato cultivation and provide theoretical basis for the production of sweet potato with high quality and high yield. The results showed that: 1) The yield of the treatment with the black plastic film mulching was the highest, followed by the white plastic film treatment and the straw treatment. And the yield of these three treatments was higher than that of the control, which increased by 30.14%, 21.92% and 12.33%, respectively. 2) There is a certain correlation between sweet potato yield and dry matter rate, vitamin C, sucrose and reducing sugar, but not significant. 3) The dry matter rate of sweet potato had an extremely significant negative correlation with vitamin C (−0.99**), and an extremely significant positive correlation with reducing sugar (0.96**). Additionally, vitamin C had an extremely significant negative correlation with reducing sugar (−0.98**), and a significant negative correlation with sucrose (−0.91*). Moreover, reducing sugar had an extremely significant positive correlation with sucrose (0.97**). According to the experimental results in this study, it is regarded to be more dependable to choose black plastic film as the mulching in production, which could improve the yield and quality of sweet potato.