红楼梦之“眼”—基于语料库的视觉隐、转喻阐释

The “Eyes” of A Dream of Red Mansions—The Corpus-Based Interpretation of Visual Metaphor and Metonymy

摘要: 本文以《红楼梦》汉英平行语料库为依托，以认知语言学为视角剖析其中“眼”的概念隐喻或转喻，结果发现视觉隐喻所占比重较大，应用范围也非常广，可以以眼喻形状、人际、态度、情感等，体现了人们常利用熟悉的身体部位将其它抽象事物概念化以便理解。在翻译中隐喻也是一大难点，本文以杨宪益的译本为蓝本，分析了其中体现的翻译技巧，总结为隐喻翻译必须要考虑到目标语读者的认知因素，这是概念隐喻和概念转喻的基础，从而自觉综合使用意译、直译、省略等技巧。在翻译中也要注意多义词的差别，促成同一词汇的多种翻译方式。

Abstract: On the basis of the Chinese-English parallel corpus of A Dream of Red Mansions, the paper investigates the conceptual metaphor and metonymy involved from the perspective of cognitive linguistics and finds that the embodiments of visual metaphor account for a great part in the whole retrieved results. And what’s more, it is applied to various fields, such as form, personal relationship attitude, love metaphor, etc., which demonstrates that the familiar parts of our bodies are often used for conceptualizing the abstract notions to expedite comprehension. Considering conceptual metaphor and metonymy are obstacles in the course of translation, the paper researches the translation version by Yang Hsien-Yi to analyze his translation skills, which can be boiled down to the fact that translator should take the cognitive factors into consideration, which are the foundation of conceptual metaphor and metonymy so much so that the techniques of literal translation, free translation, omission, etc. may be used as complementary to each other as well voluntarily. Additionally, the difference between the distinct applications of polysemy and the multiple interpretations of a certain word are to be realized.