两例人禽流感死亡病例的医学社会学分析

Medical Sociological Analysis of Two Cases of Human Avian Influenza Death

摘要: 目的：从医学社会学角度分析湘西州两例人禽流感死亡病例生前所扮演病人角色，即其疾病行为、求医行为、遵医行为。方法：回顾性分析2014年~2017年，湘西州两例人禽流感病例的一般资料。结果：在此期间共有2例病例。患者年龄均为50岁左右，发病时间在分别在5月和8月。两例病例发病前都有可疑禽类接触或暴露史。具有发热、咳嗽、肺部感染、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、多脏器功能损害/衰竭的病情经过。患者求医过程中都有过几次转院经历，得到有效治疗在3~5天之后，最终都因抢救无效而死亡。结论：人禽流感病例病死率高，对社会影响力大，应早期识别和治疗。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the sick role of two cases of human avian influenza death in Xiangxi from the perspective of medical sociology, including disease behavior, health seeking behavior and medical order-obeying behavior. Methods: Retrospective analysis of general data on two cases of human avian influenza in Xiangxi from 2014 to 2017. Results: There were 2 cases in this period from 2014 to 2017. The age of the patients is around 50 years old; the onset time is in May and August re-spectively. Both cases had suspected poultry exposure or exposure history before onset with fever, cough, lung infection, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ function impairment/failure in the process of illness. Patients had undergone a number of referrals in the course of medical treatment, and took effectively treated after 3 - 5 days, but finally died because of ineffective rescue. Conclusion: The case fatality rate of human avian influenza is high, and due to the big social influence, we should identify and diagnose it early.