辽宁省地表径流演变特征及驱动因素定量分析

Quantity Analysis on the Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Surface Runoff in Liaoning Province

摘要: 为探究辽宁省各部分地区的地表径流演变趋势，并为辽宁省干旱情况提供有效应对措施，现利用辽宁省辽河铁岭站、浑河抚顺站、太子河唐马寨站及大凌河凌海站四个主要径流代表站的降水、径流及地表水资源量的长系列实测数据，对降水及径流进行演变分析，并将径流因素进行分解，做进一步定量分析研究。结果表明：半湿润区(辽宁中北部：辽河、浑河、太子河，下同)、干旱半干旱区(辽宁西部：大凌河，下同)相比基准期(1956~1979，下同)，1980~2000年降水分别减少0.2%~1.3%、5.6%，2001~2011年，降水分别减少1.0%~6.2%、9.0%。地表径流演变的驱动因子降水、涉水活动、下垫面定量分离研究表明：半湿润区三者贡献量分别约为5%、50%、45%；干旱半干旱区三者贡献量分别约为33%、43%、24%。

Abstract: The long series of measured data of precipitation, runoff and surface water resources at the Tieling (Liaohe river), Fushun (Hunhe river), Tangmazhai (Taizi river) and Dalinghe (Daling river) four major runoff representative stations are used to explore the various parts of evolution trend of surface runoff and provide effective countermeasures for drought situation in Liaoning province. The evolution of precipitation and runoff is analyzed, and the factors of runoff are decomposed for further quantitative analysis. Compared to the base period (1956~1979), the precipitation during 1980~2000 is decreased by 0.2%~1.3% and 5.6%; during 2001~2011 is decreased by 1.0%~6.2% and 9.0% in the semi-humid area (Liaohe, Hunhe, Taizi rivers), and arid and semi-arid area (western Liaoning and Daling rivers), respectively. Quantitative separation studies on driving factors of surface runoff evolution, precipitation, wading activities, and underlying surfaces indicate that: the contributions of the semi-humid zone are about 5%, 50% and 45%, in the arid and semi-arid areas are about 33%, 43% and 24%, respectively.