控制感个体内变化性对老年人认知和健康的影响

The Intraindividual Variability in Perceived Control among the Elderly under the Domain of Cognition and Health

摘要: 目的：考察老年人在特定任务和情景下的控制感个体内变化性及其对老年人认知能力和健康水平的影响。方法：研究一采用四个认知任务，研究二采用想象导入问卷，对150名老年人在短期内的控制感个体内变化性进行测量。结果：1) 认知和健康控制感个体内变化性与老年人认知表现和健康状况均呈显著负相关；2) 逐步回归模型中，归纳推理控制感个体内变化性(解释量∆R² = 28.3%)和健康控制感个体内变化性(解释量∆R² = 66.1%)分别对老年人认知能力和健康水平的预测力更大。结论：1) 控制感个体内变化性越大，老年人认知表现和健康水平越差；2) 相对于控制感水平，控制感个体内变化性对老年人认知能力和健康水平的预测力更大，且对老年人的认知能力和健康水平有保护性作用。

Abstract: Objective: To detect the influence of intraindividual variability in perceived control among the old individuals on their cognition functions and health conditions in the areas of cognition and health. Methods: The study included two experiments and used short-term repeated measurement. The first experiment used four cognitive tasks and the second experiment used imagining inducing questionnaire. Results: 1) Intraindividual variability in cognitive and health perceived control is negatively correlated to cognitive performance and health conditions. 2) In the stepwise regression model, the intraindividual variability in inductive reasoning control (as accounted by ∆R² = 28.3%) and the intraindividual variability in healthy control (as accounted by ∆R² = 66.1%) respectively has more predictive power in cognitive ability and health conditions among the elderly. Conclusion: 1) The greater change in the intraindividual variability in perceived control, the worse the cognitive performance and health conditions of the elderly. 2) Relative to the level of perceived control, the intraindividual variability in perceived control has more predictive power and protective effect among the elderly on their cognition functions and health conditions.