某院ICU病区主要病原菌及耐药性探析

Analysis of Main Pathogens and Drug Resistance in ICU Ward of a Hospital

摘要: 目的：掌握我院ICU病区主要病原菌的种类及耐药性，进一步帮助ICU尽早抗感染治疗和防控院内感染。方法：对ICU病区常规送检标本分离培养，用VITEK2 COMPACT型全自动微生物分析仪及配套鉴定卡和药敏卡进行细菌鉴定和药敏实验。结果：3年内共分离ICU病区中病原菌338例，其中分离G⁻菌265例，占78.4%，G⁺菌36株，占10.7%，真菌37株，占10.9%。G⁻菌中鲍曼不动杆菌占37.3%，对大部分药物的耐药率均 ≥ 70%；革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌占50.0%，对万古霉素敏感；白色念珠菌占75.7%，对大部分抗真菌药物呈高敏感。结论：ICU病区的病原菌以G⁻菌为最常见，其中鲍曼不动杆菌为主要病原菌，对头孢菌素、氨基糖苷类、β-内酰胺类的耐药率高。

Abstract: Objective: To master the types and drug resistance of the main pathogens in the ICU ward of our hospital, and further help the ICU to prevent infection and prevent infection in the hospital as soon as possible. Methods: The samples were routinely sent to the ICU ward for isolation and culture, and the VITEK2 COMPACT automatic microbial analyzer and the supporting identification card and drug sensitive card were used for bacterial identification and drug sensitivity experiments. Results: Total of 338 pathogens were isolated from the ICU ward within 3 years, including 265 cases of G⁻ bacteria, accounting for 78.4%, 36 strains of G⁺, accounting for 10.7%, and 37 strains of fungi, accounting for 10.9%. In G⁻ bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 37.3%, and the resistance rate to most drugs was ≥70%; Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 50.0% in Gram-positive bacteria, sensitive to vancomycin; Candida albicans accounted for 75.7 %, highly sensitive to most antifungal drugs. Conclusion: G⁻ bacteria are the most common pathogens in ICU wards. Among them, Acinetobacter baumannii is the main pathogen, and the resistance rate to cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and β-lactams is high.