不同经济发展水平的国家进出口贸易总额与GDP之间的关系

The Relationship between the Total Import and Export Trade and GDP of Different Economic Development Levels

摘要: 一个国家的进出口贸易是国民经济的重要组成部分，对本国的经济发展起着举足轻重的作用。同样随着贸易全球化的发展，研究不同GDP水平的国家对外贸易进出口总额与GDP的关系也是当前国家发展经济应当关注的关键问题。本文首先依照各国2012年GDP情况将16个国家用R进行聚类分析；其次运用spss来实现对每类中部分国家进出口总额与GDP的皮尔逊相关系数的检验，为了了解各类经济水平的国家这两项指标之间的相关关系并绘制折线图；随后对每类中部分国家1970~2016年的数据计算对外贸易依存度并进行绘图，探讨每类经济水平的国家对国际市场的依赖程度；最后对较高GDP国家与中等GDP国家的进出口总额与GDP指标进行协整检验。

Abstract: The import and export trade of a country is an important part of the national economy and plays an important role in the economic development of the country. Along with the development of trade globalization, the research on the relationship between total foreign trade import and export and GDP of countries with different GDP levels is also the key to national economic development. In this paper, the cluster analysis of 16 countries was carried out by R according to the GDP of each country in 2012. Secondly, SPSS is used to test the Pearson correlation coefficient between total import and export and GDP of some countries in each category. In order to understand countries of various economic levels and the correlation between these two indicators, a line chart was drawn. Subsequently, the data of some countries in each category from 1970 to 2016 were calculated and mapped to explore the degree of dependence of each type of country on the international market. Finally, the total import and export volumes of the higher GDP countries and the middle GDP countries are co-integrated with the GDP indicators.