聚丙烯腈纳米纤维膜的制备及研究

Preparation and Research of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber Membrane

摘要: 随着国内国民经济连续几年不断增长，由此引发的环境污染不容忽视，尤其是在国内北方地区雾霾天气连续几年有持续加重趋势，传统的防雾霾产品，出行口罩，室内空气过滤器、窗帘，近几年在我国北方地区销售行情一直看好，调查发现这些传统防雾霾产品存在过滤空气中颗粒粒径范围窄、过滤效率低、力学性能差等缺点，本研究基于以上缺点，主要采用静电纺丝技术，首先以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为原料，N-N二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂(1:9)，混合适量改性石墨烯通过调整工艺参数制备出了不同浓度的PAN纤维膜，开发出一种过滤空气中颗粒粒径范围较广、过滤效率较高、具有一定力学强度的过滤布用纤维。当纤维膜克重约为250 g/m2左右、空气流量为30 L/min时，300~500 nm尺寸范围内的氯化钠和油性气溶胶颗粒的过滤效率分别达99.89%和99.88%，阻力压降仅为115和117 Pa。

Abstract: As domestic national economy growing for several years, the environmental pollution is getting worse and worse, especially in northern areas of the country. For several years, with the growing trend of traditional products, prevent mist haze travel masks, indoor air filter, curtain, in recent years in north China regional sales market has been bullish. The survey found that these traditional products have shortcomings of preventing mist haze filter with narrow particle size range, low efficiency and poor mechanical properties. Based on the above shortcoming, this study mainly uses the electrostatic spinning technique, taking the first with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as raw material, N-N dimethylamide (DMF) as the solvent (1:9). By blending appropriate amount of modified graphene, PAN fiber films of different concentrations were prepared by adjusting process parameters, and a kind of filter fabric used for filtering air with wide particle size range, high filtration efficiency and certain mechanical strength was developed. When the weight of fiber membrane is about 250 g/m2 and the air flow is 30 L/min, the filtration efficiency of sodium chloride and oily aerosol particles within the size range of 300 - 500 nm reaches 99.89 and 99.88, and the drag pressure drop was only 115 and 117 Pa.