宁夏设施葡萄促成栽培花芽分化研究

Studies on the Flower Bud Differentiation of Grape Cultivars in Greenhouse in Ningxia

摘要: 本研究以促早栽培的6年生设施维多利亚和红地球葡萄为试材，研究宁夏地区维多利亚和红地球葡萄在日光温室弱光下花芽分化的特点。研究表明：日光温室早熟葡萄维多利亚和晚熟葡萄红地球均存在结果部位外移的现象，其中：维多利亚成熟枝蔓在第4~7节结果新梢分化比例最高，红地球葡萄成熟枝蔓在第7~9节结果新梢分化比例最高，维多利亚比红地球更易于成花。冬剪宜采用中长梢修剪，结果母枝以中壮梢结果最好。此研究旨在为宁夏地区早熟和晚熟葡萄合理冬剪，保证连年丰产提供技术依据。This research took 6-year facility ‘Red Globe’ grapes and Victoria as experimental material and studied their traits of flower bud differentiation under covered plastic film in poor light. It showed that Victoria and ‘Red Globe’ grapes have a phenomenon of offshoring as fruiting wood in green-house, the proportion of renewal of the shoots differentiation of Victoria branches and tendrils between 4 - 7 was the highest in greenhouse; the proportion of renewal of the shoots differentiation of ‘Red Globe’ grapes branches and tendrils between 7 - 9 was the highest. Victoria is more likely to flower than ‘Red Globe’ grapes. The winter pruning should be done with medium and long shoots, with medium and strong shoots as the best. It summarizes the key pruning of different early and late ripening grape varieties with winter pruning in Ningxia China, in order to provide technical basis of plantation management, good harvest and high yield.