碳纤维增强木质纤维/聚氯乙烯复合材料的性能研究

Study on the Properties of Wood Fiber/PVC Composites Reinforced by Carbon Fiber

摘要: 在木粉(WF)-聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合体系中引入少量力学性能优良、经强氧化剂表面处理的短切碳纤维(SCF)，模压成型以期制备高性能SCF-WF/PVC复合材料。检测所获复合材料力学性能结果表明：SCF与WF质量比为15:85时，复合材料力学性能最优；此时相对未添加的复合材料，其拉伸强度、弯曲强度及冲击强度分别提高了34.60%、28.03%及21.82%。对复合材料进行结构表征，SEM结果表明SCF经表面处理后，表面粗糙度增大，而FT-IR表明SCF表面被浓硝酸氧化成含氧基团(C=O与C−O)，因而其与PVC树脂基体的界面结合得到提高；TGA分析表明：SCF含量对复合材料的热性能影响明显。

Abstract: A small amount of chopped carbon fiber (SCF) with excellent mechanical properties and surface treatment with strong oxidant was introduced into the wood powder (WF)-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite system, and the high-performance SCF-WF/PVC composite was prepared by compression molding. The mechanical properties of the composites obtained showed that the mechanical properties of the composites were the best when the mass ratio of SCF to WF was 15:85. At this time, the tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength of the composite materials which were not added were increased by 34.60%, 28.03% and 21.82%, respectively. SEM showed that the surface roughness of SCF increased after surface treatment, while FT-IR indicated that the surface of SCF was oxidized by concentrated nitric acid to oxygen-containing groups (C=O and C−O). Therefore, the interface with PVC resin matrix is improved; TGA shows that the impact of the thermal properties of SCF content on composites is significant.