不同榆树枝条及叶形指数差异对比分析

Comparison and Analysis of Differences of Different Tree Branch and Leaf Shape Index

摘要: 本文以5个榆树品种为试材，对5个榆树品种或无性系的枝条节间长度、枝条开张角度和叶形指数进行分析，采用单因素方差分析、邓肯检验多重比较的方法，对其枝条和叶形的差异性进行研究。研究结果表明：1) 参试的5个榆树品种中，在平均节间长度间有显著差异(P < 0.001)，其中较大的是凤尾榆和青榆；平均开张角度方面较大的是凤尾榆，但5个榆树品种无显著差异；2) 5个品种在平均叶面积、平均叶周长、圆度、水平距离、竖直距离、锯齿的平均深度、锯齿的平均宽度、锯齿数量等方面有显著差异，青榆在平均叶面积、平均叶周长、圆度、水平距离、竖直距离、锯齿的平均深度、锯齿的平均宽度、锯齿数量8个叶形指数指标值最大，凤尾榆在平均叶面积、平均叶周长、水平距离、竖直距离、锯齿的平均深度、锯齿的平均宽度、锯齿数量7个叶形指数指标值处于第2位，长宽比最大的是凤尾榆，其次是圆冠榆。

Abstract: Five elm varieties or elm clones were used as test materials to analyze the internode length, branch opening angle and leaf shape index of five elm varieties or clones. One-way ANOVA and Duncan test multiple comparison methods were used to study the differences between its branches and leaf shapes. The results showed that: 1) Among the five elm varieties tested, there were significant differences among the average internode lengths, the larger ones were Ulmus laciniata and the Manchurian elm, and the Ulmus laciniata has larger average opening angle. However, there were no significant differences among the five elm varieties; 2) the five varieties have significant differences on average leaf area, average leaf circumference, roundness, horizontal distance, vertical distance, average depth of serrations, average width of serrations, and number of serrations. Significantly, the average leaf area, average leaf circumference, roundness, horizontal distance, vertical distance, average depth of serrations, average width of serrations, and number of serrations of Manchurian elm were the largest in the eight leaf shape index values. The average leaf area, average leaf circumference, horizontal distance, vertical distance, average depth of serrations, average width of serrations, and number of serrations of Ulmus laciniata are the second in the shape of the leaflet index, and Ulmus laciniata has the largest aspect ratio, followed by the Ulmus densa.