土壤重金属复合污染生物毒性研究概述

Review of the Research on Soil Multiple Metal Toxicity

摘要: 尽管土壤重金属复合污染问题在全球范围内广泛存在且带来日益严重的生态环境问题，但与其相关的生态毒性风险预测和毒性机制研究工作仍需进一步展开。生物毒理学模型如生物配体模型(BLM)和植物根细胞膜表面电势模型在单一金属毒性评估中得到了广泛的应用，而其在土壤重金属复合污染领域也存在一定的应用潜力。亚细胞分离技术和同步辐射技术已经被应用于重金属生物毒性机制的研究中，且能够为土壤重金属的交互作用类型及生态风险评估提供机理性解释。

Abstract: Although the combined soil heavy metal contamination is widespread in the world and causes se-rious ecological risks, there still exists further need to carry out the ecological risk prediction and toxicity mechanism research on multiple metals. The toxicological models such as the biotic ligand model (BLM) and the plant root cell membrane surface potential model have been widely used in evaluating the single metal toxicity, while we should pay special attention to their potential appli-cation in assessing the toxicity of multiple metals. The subcellular partition technology and syn-chrotron radiation technology also have been extensively used in studying the toxicity mechanism of heavy metals, moreover, they can provide the mechanism explanations for assessing the inter-action patterns and ecological risks in soil.