成年女性婚姻态度与心理健康的关系
The Correlation between Adult Women’s Attitude toward Marriage and Mental Health
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2018.811204, PDF,   
作者: 习雪苹：北京林业大学，人文社会科学学院，心理学系，北京
关键词: 问卷编制；婚姻态度；婚姻状态；心理健康；Questionnaire Preparation； Marriage Attitude； Marital Status； Mental Health
摘要: 目的：以探查不同婚姻状态下成年女性的婚姻态度差异性为目的，编制成年女性婚姻态度问卷，同时探究婚姻态度与心理健康之间的关系。方法：通过文献研究、初步访谈和专家指导构建成年女性婚姻态度初始问卷，随机发放问卷给北京、广州、上海三地的成年女性，经过项目分析和探索性因素分析形成正式问卷；使用正式问卷，再次对北上广三地的成年女性进行实测，进行验证性因素分析；使用SCL-90和SWLS检验婚姻态度、婚姻状态(单身–已婚)与心理健康之间的关系。结果：① 成年女性婚姻态度问卷包括畏惧婚姻态度、理想婚姻态度、自主婚姻态度和必需婚姻态度，累计方差贡献率48.402%。② 验证性因素分析表明4维1阶的模型拟合度较好(X2/df = 2.545, GFI = 0.897, CFI = 0.842, IFI = 0.844, RMSEA = 0.062)；③ 各维度的内部一致性系数分别为0.695，0.731，0.658，0.710。④ 除了SCL-90的恐怖因子，单身–已婚的心理健康水平之间不存在显著差异；畏惧婚姻态度与SCL-90多因子之间呈低度正相关，与SWLS之间呈低度负相关，其余婚姻态度与SCL-90多因子及生活满意度之间无显著关联。结论：① 成年女性婚姻态度问卷具有较好的信效度，可作为成年女性婚姻状态和婚姻态度相关研究的有效测量工具；单身女性与已婚女性在婚姻态度上存在显著差异。② 不同婚姻状态(单身–已婚)的成年女性之间不具有明显的心理健康差异，畏惧婚姻态度具有心理不健康倾向。
Abstract: Objective: To explore the differences in marital attitudes of adult women in different marital sta-tus, a questionnaire on marital attitudes of adult women was prepared and the correlation be-tween marriage attitude and mental health was explored. Methods: on the basis of previous stu-dies, preliminary interviews and expert consultation, dimensions of marriage attitude question-naire of single women were conceived; a preliminary questionnaire and the formal questionnaire were prepared and the reliability and validity were tested. The relationship between marital attitudes, marital status and mental health with the tool of SCL-90, SWLS was tested. Results: ① the marital attitude questionnaire of adult women included attitudes toward fear of marriage, ideal marriage attitude, independent marriage attitude and essential marriage attitude. The accumulative variance contribution rate was 48.402%. ② The confirmatory factor analysis showed that 4-dimension 1-order model (X2/df = 2.545, GFI = 0.897, CFI = 0.842, IFI = 0.844, RMSEA = 0.062) fitted better; ③ the internal consistency coefficient of each dimension is 0.695, 0.731, 0.658 and 0.710 respectively. ④ No significant difference was found between single and married women in terms of mental health except factor terror of SCL-90, lower level of positive correlation was detected between fear of marriage attitude and SCL-90 and SES, other dimensions of marriage attitude didn’t correlate with mental health. Conclusion: ① the marital attitude questionnaire of adult women has good reliability and validity, which can be used as an effective measurement tool for researches on marital status and attitude of adult women. ② There is significant difference between single and married women in respect of marriage attitudes. ③ No significant gap exists between single and married women in terms of mental health, fear of marriage attitude may be an indicator of unhealthy mental status.
文章引用：习雪苹 (2018). 成年女性婚姻态度与心理健康的关系. 心理学进展, 8(11), 1752-1762. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2018.811204

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