大学生体育锻炼自我效能感量表的编制

Development of the Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale for College Students

摘要: 目的：在大学生群体中编制体育锻炼自我效能感量表(PASS)，对其进行信效度检验。方法：依据体育锻炼自我效能感定义，在访谈基础上形成量表条目。通过三次测量获取数据以用于探索性因素分析(n = 195)、效度分析(n = 391)和重测分析(n = 34)。结果：最终量表共10个项目，探索出情境动机与主观支持两维度，验证性因素分析进一步支持双因素模型(X²/df = 2.688, GFI = 0.958, AGFI = 0.932, NFI = 0.970, CFI = 0.981, IFI = 0.975, RMSEA = 0.066, RMR = 0.023)。量表各方面信度指标良好；PASS与自尊量表、体重效能生活方式问卷、一般自我效能感量表三个聚合效标总分相关显著(r > 0.211, p < 0.01)，PASS与进食态度问卷总分相关不显著(r = −0.092, p > 0.05)。结论：本研究编制的体育锻炼自我效能感量表信效度均符合心理测量学标准，可应用于大学生群体。

Abstract: Objective: To develop the Physical Activity Self-efficacy Scale (PASS) for Chinese college students and examine its reliability and validity. Method: According to the definition of physical activity self-efficacy, the items of the scale were developed on the basis of interview. The data were ob-tained through three measurements, which was respectively used for exploratory factor analysis (n = 195), validity analysis (n = 391) and test-retest reliability (n = 34). Results: The final scale had 10 items and 2 dimensions, including situational motivation and subjective support. The results of confirmatory factor analysis further supported two-dimensional model of the scale (X²/df = 2.688, GFI = 0.958, AGFI = 0.932, NFI = 0.970, CFI = 0.981, IFI = 0.975, RMSEA = 0.066, RMR = 0.023). The PASS total score was positively correlated with total score of Self-Esteem (SES), Weight Efficacy Life-style(WEL) Questionnaire and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) that are the three convergent validity indictors (r > 0.211, p < 0.01). The correlation between the PASS total score and total score of Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) was not significant (r = −0.092, p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed that the reliability and validity of the PASS was well satisfied with the psychometric standards, which can be used among Chinese college students.