彩色翅荞麦(F.emarginatum)特征特性与利用价值研究

Research on Color Wing Buckwheat (F.emarginatum)’s Characteristics and Values

摘要: 为了育成高产与观赏兼备的荞麦品种，从翅荞中发现了籽粒羽翅红色的变异类型。经过5个世代的观察选育，基本稳定了红色羽翅植株的分离，从中出现了全株籽粒红色的植株、有限花序植株(籽粒羽翅红色)、矮秆、半矮秆植株(籽粒羽翅红色)。红色羽翅性状是由可遗传的变异基因控制，是植株外部形态标记，具有十分广泛的利用价值：一是作为种质资源利用，利用红色羽翅标记，能够检测出杂交种比例；利用有限花序、矮秆半矮秆变异类型选育既高产、又具观赏型品种。二是作为观赏植物利用，翅荞属于二倍体类型，经人工诱变很容易成为四倍体类型。这样，它的籽粒、花朵更大，花期更长，更具观赏性。

Abstract: In the course of breeding buckwheat with high-yield and ornamental value, we have found the variation with red wing kernel. After 5 generation’s observing and breeding we have separated the red wing plants steadily and found the red kernel plant, limited inflorescence plant (red wing kernel), dwarfing plant, half-dwarfing plant (red wing kernel). The character of red wing, as the external form sign of the plant, is controlled by the heritable mutant gene and has the wide useful value. First, it can be used as germplasm resources to analyse and detect the hybridization ratio, and at the same time high-yield and ornamental buckwheat can be bred with limited inflorescence, dwarfing plant and half-dwarfing plant variation form; second, as the ornamental plant, Wing Buckwheat belongs to diploid type and can be changed easily to tetraploid type with artificial mutation. Thus its kernel and flower are bigger, and its florescence is longer, making it more ornamental.