液体静压电主轴轴心轨迹影响因素研究

Study on the Evolution Law of Spindle Trajectories of Hydrostatic Motorized Spindle under Cutting Load

摘要: 随着高速加工技术的发展，滑动轴承在高速加工的应用越来越广泛，滑动轴承-电主轴直接参与高速加工，其动态性能决定了高速机床的加工效率和加工质量，针对液体静压轴承的结构参数对主轴的动态性能影响规律，本文依据雷诺方程，联合流量连续性方程并采用数值法求解液体静压轴承的油膜力，以建立主轴转子–滑动轴承的动力学模型；然后根据欧拉方法求解主轴的轴心轨迹，并分析的液体静压轴承的宽径比、轴承间隙等结构参数对主轴轴心轨迹的影响规律，从而为优化电主轴结构设计的和提高高速加工质量与效率提供了切实可靠的依据。

Abstract: With the development of high-speed machining technology, sliding bearings are more and more widely used in high-speed machining. Sliding bearings and motorized spindles are directly involved in high-speed machining. Their dynamic performance determines the processing efficiency and quality of high-speed machine tools. Aiming at the unbalanced force of the spindle and external disturbance in the process of high-speed machining, knives are generated. Vibration affects the quality of workpiece. Based on Reynolds equation, flow continuity equation and numerical method, the oil film force of hydrostatic bearing is solved to establish the dynamic model of spindle ROTOR-SLIDING bearing. Then the spindle axis trajectory is solved by Euler method, and the influence of spindle speed and milling cutter blade number on the axis trajectory is analyzed. The systematic analysis method of vertical ROTOR-SLIDING bearing provides a practical and reliable basis for optimizing the structure design of motorized spindle and improving the quality and effi-ciency of high-speed machining.