富磷有机肥对南疆棉花产量和土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Phosphorus-Rich Organic Fertilizers on Cotton Yield and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Southern Xinjiang, China

摘要: 以不施富磷有机肥为对照(CK)，以富磷有机肥施用量900 kg/hm²、1800 kg/hm²和2700 kg/hm²为处理，研究富磷有机肥施用对南疆棉花出苗率、产量和土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：1) 与CK相比，富磷有机肥用量900 kg/hm²、1800 kg/hm²和2700 kg/hm²处理的出苗率分别低7.47%、8.04%和10.92%，但处理间差异均不显著。2) 与CK相比，三个施肥处理的株数、单铃重和籽棉产量均有一定增加，增幅分别介于7.14%~30.00%、0.07%~5.16%和3.70%~19.87%，其中，900 kg/hm²处理的增产幅度最大、达到814.65 kg/hm²，增产率为19.87% (P > 0.05)。3) 0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层，不同时期三个富磷有机肥处理的土壤养分与CK比略有不同，但差异均不显著。

Abstract: The effects of phosphorus-rich organic fertilizer application on emergence rate, yield and soil physical and chemical properties of cotton in southern Xinjiang, China were studied by using non-phosphorus-rich organic fertilizer application as control (CK) and taking phosphorus-rich organic fertilizer application amount of 900 kg/hm², 1800 kg/hm² and 2700 kg/hm² as treatment. The results showed that: 1) Compared with CK, the emergence rate of phosphorus-rich organic fertilizer (900 kg/hm², 1800 kg/hm² and 2700 kg/hm²) was lower by 7.47%, 8.04% and 10.92%, respectively, but the difference between treatments was not significant. 2) Compared with CK, the plant number, single boll weight and seed cotton yield of the three fertilization treatments all increased to a certain extent, with increases ranging from 7.14% to 30.00%, 0.07% to 5.16% and 3.70% to 19.87%, respectively. Among them, the yield increase of 900 kg/hm² treatment was the largest, reaching 814.65 kg/hm², with an increase rate of 19.87% (P > 0.05). 3) In the 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 cm soil layers, the soil nutrients treated by three phosphorus-rich organic fertilizers in different periods were slightly different from CK, but the differences were not significant between them.