嘉兴市居民电动自行车出行行为研究

Study on Travel Behavior of Electric Bicycle in Jiaxing

摘要: 电动自行车因其灵活性、操作便捷性、环保性受到居民的欢迎，但是居民电动自行车出行行为不规范，管制难度大，对城市交通构成了一定威胁。本文采用问卷形式对嘉兴市居民电动自行车出行情况进行了调查，根据调查数据，分析了居民电动自行车出行频率、出行目的、出行时长特征，发现居民电动自行车出行目的以通勤为主，90%的电动自行车出行时长在30分钟以内。对电动自行车闯红灯、随意变道和抢道、载人、超速、酒驾等五类违章现象进行统计，发现嘉兴市电动自行车出行车速较高，载人问题相对较为普遍。在统计分析的基础上，以个人属性、出行特征属性、情景属性为自变量，以居民电动自行车出行频率为因变量，建立二项logit模型，根据模型参数标定结果，得到职业、出行时长、出行目的对电动自行车出行频率影响显著，出行时长越长，电动自行车的出行频率越高。根据模型分析的结论，结合嘉兴市居民电动自行车出行存在的问题，从政策制定和执行以及交通规划和管理的改善两个方面对嘉兴市电动自行车出行提出了一系列措施和建议。

Abstract: Electric bicycles are popular with residents because of their flexibility, easy operation and eco-friendly. However, the travel behavior of residents’ electric bicycles is not standardized, and the management of them is difficult, which poses a threat to urban traffic. This paper investigates the travel of electric bicycles in Jiaxing. According to the survey data, it analyzes the travel frequency, travel purpose and travel time of residents. It is found that the main travel purpose of electric bicycles for residents is commuting, and the traveling time of 90% residents by electric bicycle is less than 30 minutes. Statistics on five kinds of violations of regulations, including running a red light, random lane change, manned, overspeed, drunk riding found that the speed of electric bicycles is relatively high, and the manned problem is common. The individual attributes, travel characteristic attributes and scenario attributes are considered as the independent variables; a binary logit model is built to analyze the relationship between the independent variables and the travel frequency of residents’ electric bicycles. The estimation results of the model parameters show that occupation, travel time and travel purpose influence significantly travel frequency of electric bicycles; the longer the travel time, the higher the travel frequency of electric bicycles. Based on model results and the violations of regulations of the electric bicycle travel, a series of measures and suggestions are proposed for the electric bicycle travel from the formulation and implementation of the policy and the improvement of transportation planning and management in Jiaxing.