生物炭对重金属污染土壤理化性质及菠菜生长的影响
Effect of Biochar on Physicochemical Properties of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil and Spinach Growth
DOI: 10.12677/HJSS.2019.71007, PDF,  被引量   
作者: 徐 艳, 卢垟杰, 刘洋洋：国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点试验室，陕西 西安；陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司，陕西 西安；陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司，陕西 西安；陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心，陕西 西安
关键词: 重金属污染土；果木炭；猪粪炭；土壤理化性质；菠菜；Heavy Metal Polluted Soil； Fruit Biochar； Swine Biochar； Soil Physicochemical Properties； Spinach
摘要: 通过盆栽试验，研究果木炭与猪粪炭在0，5%和10% (以风干土计)添加量下对矿区重金属污染土壤理化性质及菠菜生长的影响。结果表明：在重金属污染土壤中添加5%和10%的果木炭(G5, G10)和猪粪炭后(Z5, Z10)，土壤pH较CK组(不添加生物炭)分别提高了0.02、0.05、0.04和0.08个单位。速效钾含量及菠菜吸钾量随两种生物炭施用量的增加而增加，而有效磷含量及菠菜吸磷量随两种生物炭施用量的增加略有下降。相较果木炭，猪粪炭对重金属污染土壤的速效钾和有效磷的提升更为显著。添加生物炭后，菠菜鲜重与株高也有所增加，但与施用量不呈正相关，与供试土壤物理性状及菠菜生长所处的光照、温度及湿度条件等有关。综合来看，本试验中添加猪粪炭的施用效果优于果木炭，且10%的用量效果较佳。
Abstract: In this paper, the pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of fruit biochar and swine biochar on the physicochemical properties of heavy metal contaminated soil and spinach growth in mining areas at the biochar concentration of 0, 5% and 10% (in terms of dry soil). The results showed that after adding the fruit biochar and swine biochar to the soil, the pH of G5, G10, Z5, and Z10 treatments increased by 0.02, 0.05, 0.04, and 0.08 units respectively, compared with the CK group. The available potassium content of soil and the potassium absorbed by spinach increased with the increase of the two biochar applications, while the available phosphorus content of soil and the phosphorus absorbed by spinach decreased slightly with the increase of the two biochar applications. Compared with fruit biochar, swine biochar significantly increased the available po-tassium and available phosphorus in the soil. After adding biochars, the fresh weight and plant height of spinach also increased, but it was not positively correlated with the application rates, and it was related to the physical properties of the soil and the light, temperature and humidity conditions of the spinach growth. On the whole, the application effect of swine biochar in this ex-periment was better than that of fruit biochar, and the biochar concentration of 10% was better.
文章引用：徐艳, 卢垟杰, 刘洋洋. 生物炭对重金属污染土壤理化性质及菠菜生长的影响[J]. 土壤科学, 2019, 7(1): 59-67. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJSS.2019.71007

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