输电线路气体主动灭弧防雷关键技术

Key Technologies of Gas Active Arc Extinguishing and Lightning Protection for Transmission Lines

摘要: 在电力供给侧，雷击跳闸、断线等事故带来的扰动随电网系统的扩大而增大。而且容量增大导致短路电流增大，造成断路器灭弧难度增大、大电动力造成变压器绕组变形等后果。在电力需求侧，石油化工、高速铁路、航天航空、冶炼、高精密加工等重要负荷增多，大量计算机、电子控制系统、电机群等负荷取代了照明等的简单负荷，系统安全性对防雷技术的要求达到了不允许雷击跳闸、断线等的高标准程度。电力供给侧和需求侧都对输电线路防雷有极高的要求，而雷击事故率居高不下，这种局面对电网的可靠性安全性造成极大威胁，解决这一问题迫在眉睫。在这种客观现实下，气体主动灭弧原理被提出，从雷击过电压和工频过电流两个纬度，实现对由大概率多重雷击等原因造成的雷击事故率的有效管控。

Abstract: On the power supply side, the disturbance caused by lightning tripping and wire breakage in-creases with the expansion of power system. Moreover, the increase of capacity leads to the increase of short-circuit current, the difficulty of arc-extinguishing of circuit breaker, and the distortion of transformer winding caused by large electric force. On the power demand side, the important loads such as petrochemical industry, high-speed railway, aerospace, smelting, high-precision machining and so on have increased. A large number of loads, such as computers, electronic control systems and motor groups, have replaced the simple loads of lighting, etc. The requirements of system security for lightning protection technology reach the high standard that lightning strike tripping and wire breakage are not allowed. Both the power supply side and the demand side have very high requirements for lightning protection of transmission lines, but the lightning accident rate remains high. This situation poses a great threat to the reliability and safety of the power network, so it is urgent to solve this problem. In this objective reality, the gas active interrupter pinciple is put forward. From two latitudes of lightning overvoltage and power frequency overcurrent, the effective control of lightning accident rate caused by large probability and multiple lightning strike is realized.