531例在校大学生月经病患者的中医问诊和证候特征分析

Analyzing the Clinical Features of TCM for 531 College Students with Emmeniopathy on Campus

摘要: 目的：基于中医问诊量表调查分析在校大学生月经病的中医问诊及证候特征，以分析其病因病机，为临床诊治提供一定的依据。方法：利用课题组研制的“月经病中医问诊量表”采集本校月经病患者的中医问诊信息，使用EpiData软件双人录入数据并核对以建立月经病的中医问诊信息数据库，使用SPSS20.0软件分析数据。结果：调查了在校大学生月经病患者531例，发现本校女生最常见的月经病是痛经，其次是月经周期的改变；最常见的问诊症状是经行腹痛，后依次有贪食生冷或遇寒后症状加重、肢冷、畏寒、善忧思等；最常见的中医证候是气虚证，其次是气滞证、痰湿证、血瘀证、阴虚证等；与各类月经病相关性强的症状各不相同，但都多与情绪等相关。结论：该校女生月经病常见类型是痛经，常见中医证候是气虚证，其次多为气滞、痰湿、血瘀。该研究可为大学生月经病的诊治提供一定的依据。

Abstract: Objective: To observe clinical features of Chinese medicine for students with emmeniopathy from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), and analyze the etiology and pathogenesis based on epidemiological study. Methods: Using self-designed questionnaire to collect the information from the TCM four diagnostic methods of students with emmeniopathy from SHUTCM; adopting EpiData 3.0 software to establish database; and using SPSS 20.0 software to analyze the data with frequency analysis and correlation analysis. Results: Investigating 531 cases college students with emmeniopathy, the results showed that the most common symptom was dysmenorrhea, followed by eating colds, symptom aggravated after cold, cold limbs, aversion to cold, worry about too much in order; the most common emmeniopathy was dysmenorrhea, and changes in normal menstrual cycle such as preceding, delaying, even irregular ranked secondly; the most frequent syndrome was Qi deficiency, followed by Qi stagnation, phlegm-damp, blood stasis, yin deficiency and so on; the symptoms which have strong correlation with various emmeniopathy were differed from each other, but they were almost related to emotion, leukorrhea, menstrual colour, etc. Conclusion: The emmeniopathy of students from SHUTCM is seen almost in deficiency origin and excess in superficiality, and deficiency origin mostly belongs to deficiency of Qi, and excess in superficiality mostly belongs to stagnation of Qi, phlegm-dampness, blood stasis. The study can provide evidence for emmeniopathy’s diagnosis and treatment in college students on campus.