卢仝《茶歌》自宋代以降的传播与接受

The Dissemination and Acceptance of Lu Tong’s “Tea Song” Since the Song Dynasty

摘要: 中国古代蔚为大观的数千首茶诗中，在后世流播最为广泛的莫过于卢仝的《走笔谢孟谏议寄新茶》(《茶歌》)。卢仝《茶歌》在中国古代文化史上的传播，以文人士子的引用推崇、普罗大众的吟颂流播等传统范式，即书写传播与口头传播两种范式为主；《茶歌》的传习接受者身份特征各不相同，这些不同的身份及其所表现出的传播接受网络，使得卢仝《茶歌》自两宋而至后世的传播范围更广，接受群体更众，接受效果更显；卢仝的《茶歌》，开创了品茶得道的方法和途径；以卢仝《茶歌》为代表的茶诗，对中国茶文化的传播具有重要的历史价值与现实价值，及历史贡献与文化功用。

Abstract: Among the thousands of tea poems in ancient China, the most widely spread in later generations is Lu Tong's “Xie Meng’s Advice on Sending New Tea” (Tea Song). The dissemination of Lu Tong's Tea Song in the history of ancient Chinese culture is based on the traditional paradigms of literati’s quotation and praise, and the chanting and spreading of popular songs, i.e. writing and oral dissemination. The identity characteristics of the disseminators and receivers of Tea Song are different. These different identities and their dissemination and acceptance networks make the dissemination scope of Lu Tong’s Tea Song from the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties to future generations wider, more acceptance groups and more obvious acceptance effect. Lu Tong’s Tea Song has created a way to taste tea appropriately; tea poems represented by Lu Tong's Tea Song have important historical and realistic values, as well as historical contributions and cultural functions to the dissemination of Chinese tea culture.