研究型大学本科生专业选择动机与影响因素研究——以旅游酒店管理专业为例

Motivation and Influential Factors Analysis of Undergraduate Students’ Major Selection in Research-Oriented Universities—A Case of Major in Hospitality & Tourism Management

摘要: 中国旅游酒店行业的快速发展所面临人员流失严重问题，特别是高校旅游酒店专业毕业生的行业就业率偏低。了解该专业本科学生的专业选择动机，探究学生选择专业时的影响因素、影响程度，从“选才”环节入手，对于该专业招到适合的学生并制定科学的培养计划等均具有重要意义，对于解决旅游酒店管理专业人才流失，行业就业率偏低及专业地位下降的问题也起到重要作用。本文运用主成分分析法确定学生选择旅游酒店管理专业的8项主要动机。同时，通过独立样本T检验和一元方差检验分析比较了各主要动机在不同人口统计学特征中的差异性。最后概括出八项主要动机的特点，并进一步从四方面就如何吸引，培养更多人才以及如何挽留优秀人才提出相应建议。

Abstract: China’s tourism industry is facing a serious challenge of high turnover rate while in its rapid development, especially the low retention rate of graduates with professional background from universities. It is of great significance to understand the choice motivation of undergraduate students majoring in tourism and hotel management, to analyze the influencing factors of students’ choice behavior and the degree of influence in order to design a suitable talent development plan to solve the problem of low retention rate of graduates and decline professional status in the industry. This article presents an integrative analysis of 169 students’ motivations in choosing HTM major in Sun Yat-sen University through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of this study reveal eight motivators for undergraduate students who selected HTM as their major. Moreover, T-test and One-way ANOVA methods are used in the test of the difference among different demographic variables. At the end of this study, the characteristics of the eight major motivations are summarized and some suggestions are provided based on the findings.