流动儿童社会身份认同研究现状与展望

Social Identity Study on Status and Prospect of Migrant Children

摘要: 随着城市化进程的加快和进城务工人员的增多，进城就读外来学生已经成为了城市中一个不可忽视的庞大群体，其心理健康水平关系着城市乃至社会的和谐与稳定。已有研究证明青少年健康发展的重要影响因素之一是身份认同的发展，本文梳理了近年来对流动儿童社会身份认同的研究，主要阐述了理论依据、有关流动儿童社会身份认同现状、后果、影响因素和改善对策。最后，结合当前研究现状与研究的不足，提出研究展望——未来的研究方向可针对少数民族流动儿童，少数民族流动儿童的族群身份与地域性身份可以同一种思路整合在一起。少数民族流动儿童作为流动儿童群体的一个小分支，不但有其群体原本流动时身份认同发展的特点和规律，而且还面临民族认同问题，提出少数民族流动儿童的群体身份建构可分为地域性身份和族群身份两个部分。

Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization and the increase of migrant workers, the migrant students have become a huge group in the city, whose mental health level is related to the harmony and stability of the city and even the society. The research has proved that one of the important factors of adolescent health development is the development of identity, and this paper aims to put forward a new study of the social identity of the ethnic migrant children in the city. The theoretical basis, the status, the consequences, the influencing factors and the measures to improve the social identity of the migrant children are described. Finally, in combination with the current research situation and the lack of research, we can put forward the prospect of research. The ethnic identity and the regional identity of the ethnic migrant children are integrated with one thought. The ethnic migrant children, as a small branch of the migrant children group, not only have the identity and the law of the identity development in the original flow of their groups, but also face the problem of national identity. According to this, the construction of the group identity of the minority mobile children can be divided into two parts: regional identity and ethnic identity.