基于实验的随机风荷载规律分析

Random Wind Load Law Analysis Based on Experiment

摘要: 近年来，随着经济的发展，人们对建筑物的各方面提出了更高的要求。其中风对建筑的影响是不可忽略的，尤其对大型建筑，如桥梁等大跨度结构。也由此建立了结构抗风的研究。本文经理论推导，得出在假设空气静止、结构振动时，空气对结构的作用与结构振动速度的平方成正比，比例系数为空气密度与阻力系数的乘积，即 。为了验证理论结论的正确性，本文设计了一项单摆实验测量其在摆动过程位移的衰减规律，借助MATLAB计算软件进行单摆运动的理论研究，绘制并对比规律曲线。通过对理论分析与实验对比，说明结构振动时的风载取值应当考虑时间因素，建议可按本文所推导公式选取荷载取值。本文的分析结果可为桥梁、大跨结构及高层等设计的风荷载取值提供参考。

Abstract: In recent years, with the development of economy, people put forward higher requirements on all aspects of buildings. The influence of wind on buildings is not negligible, especially in large build-ings, such as Bridges and other long-span structures. Therefore, the wind resistance of the structure is studied. In this paper, through theoretical derivation, it is concluded that the effect of air on the structure is proportional to the square of the vibration velocity of the structure when the air is static and the structure is vibrating. The proportional coefficient is the product of the air density and the resistance coefficient, . In order to verify the correctness of the theoretical con-clusion, this paper designed a single pendulum experiment to measure the attenuation law of its displacement in the swing process, carried out theoretical research on the movement of single pendulum with the help of MATLAB calculation software, and drew and compared the law curve. Through the comparison between theoretical analysis and experiment, it is shown that the value of wind load during structural vibration should take time into consideration, and it is suggested that the value of load can be selected according to the formula deduced in this paper. The analysis results of this paper can provide reference for the wind load values of Bridges, long-span structures and high-rise buildings.