粉煤灰基经济型陶粒支撑剂的制备与改性研究

Investigation of Preparation and Modification of Economical Ceramic Proppant Made from Coal Fly Ash

摘要: 采用固态烧结法制备了粉煤灰基经济型陶粒支撑剂。系统研究了烧结温度、成球温度与铝矾土添加量对陶粒的破碎率、体积密度、视密度的作用规律。采用XRD研究了陶粒的相结构，采用SEM研究了陶粒的显微结构。结果显示：陶粒中含有钙长石与莫来石两种结晶相。随着烧结温度由1200℃升高到1300℃，莫来石相逐渐增多、长径比逐渐增大，破碎率逐渐降低；而当烧结温度继续升高到1350℃时，莫来石相的长径比开始下降，破碎率开始升高。升高烧结温度、提高成球温度、添加铝矾土具有降低破碎率，提高体积密度与视密度的作用。添加铝矾土、在60℃成球、1300℃烧结的陶粒获得了最佳的性能，其体积密度为1.37 g/cm³，视密度为2.82 g/cm³，52 MPa下破碎率仅为4.2%。

Abstract: Economical ceramic proppant was prepared from the solid state waste coal fly ash as mainly raw material by solid state sintering. The effects of sintering temperature, spheroidizing temperature and bauxite content on the breakage ratio, bulk density and apparent density of the ceramic proppant were studied systematically. The phase structure was studied by XRD, and the micro-structure by SEM. The results showed that there were two crystalline phases of anorthite and mul-lite in the ceramic proppant. With sintering temperature increasing from 1200˚C to 1300˚C, the mullite phase increased gradually, the length to diameter ratio increased, as well as the breakage ratio decreased. While the sintering temperature exceeded 1350˚C, the length to diameter ratio of mullite phase began to fall, and the breakage ratio was raised. Increasing sintering temperature, increasing spheroidizing temperature and adding bauxite have the effects of reducing the breakage ratio, increasing both the bulk density and apparent density. The ceramic proppant made with bauxite, spheriodized at 60˚C and sintered at 1300˚C manifested the best performances. Its bulk density, apparent density, and breakage ratio at 52 MPa were 1.37 g/cm³, 2.82 g/cm³, and only 4.2%, respectively.