超声诊断的应用与研究

Application and Research of Ultrasound Diagnosis

摘要: 现代的医学影像技术主要有四种，分别是X光、磁共振、核医学成像、医学超声成像。其中，医学超声成像出现最早。与其它成像技术相比，超声有安全、适应面广、直观、可重复检查、对软组织鉴别力强、灵活、价廉等优点。由于超声的这些优点，直到现在，超声成像仍然广泛应用于医疗诊断中。超声设备是普及率最高，应用最广泛的常规影像诊断仪器，其在初诊筛查和转诊分流中起着重要作用。与之相对应，功能齐全，使用方便的超声诊断系统也成为医院的必需系统。而目前国内一些医疗机构，特别是基层医院使用的超声诊断系统多为设备配置的单机版，不仅无法实现医院之间和本院内各个科室之间的影像检查信息共享，无法将检查信息有效传达给需转诊的其他科室和医院，而且无法及时地将检查结果反馈给患者，导致信息孤岛问题。另一方面，目前能够实现三维重建功能的彩超设备多为进口设备，价格昂贵且三维重建的过程复杂，需要耗费大量时间。

Abstract: There are four main types of modern medical imaging technology, namely X-ray, magnetic resonance, nuclear medicine imaging, and medical ultrasound imaging. Among them, medical ultrasound imaging appeared firstly. Compared with other imaging technologies, ultrasound has the advantages of safety, wide adaptability, intuitive, repeatable inspection, strong discrimination against soft tissues, flexibility, and low cost. Due to the advantages of ultrasound, ultrasound imaging is still widely used in medical diagnosis until now. Ultrasound equipment is the most popular and widely used routine diagnostic imaging instrument, which plays an important role in initial screening and referral diversion. Correspondingly, the fully functional and easy-to-use ultrasound diagnostic system has become a necessary system for hospitals. At present, some medical institutions in China, especially in primary hospitals, use ultrasound-based diagnostic systems, which are not only unable to realize the sharing of image inspection information between hospitals and departments within the hospital, and cannot effectively communicate inspection information to other departments and hospitals that need to be referred to, and the results of the examination cannot be reported back to the patient in time, resulting in information island problems. On the other hand, the color-adjusting devices that can realize the three-dimensional reconstruction function are mostly imported devices, which are expensive and the process of three-dimensional reconstruction is complicated, and it takes a lot of time.