七星河湿地轮虫群落结构特征研究及水质评价

The Characteristics of Community Structure of Rotifer and Water Quality Evaluation in Qixinghe Wetland

摘要: 为研究七星河湿地轮虫的种类组成、时空分布，以及群落结构与水环境因子之间的关系，于2017年春季(5月)、夏季(7月)和秋季(9月)对七星河湿地12个采样点的轮虫样品进行采集。研究结果表明：七星河湿地共有轮虫20属37种，夏季种类最多、秋季最少；轮虫平均丰度春季 < 秋季 < 夏季，平均生物量秋季 < 夏季 < 春季。共发现轮虫优势种5种，包括台杯鬼轮虫(Trichotria pocillum)、偏斜钩状狭甲轮虫(Colurella deflexa)、囊形单趾轮虫(Monostyla bulla)、月形腔轮虫(Monostyla lunaris)和针簇多肢轮虫(Polyathra trigla)。由七星河湿地轮虫丰度与水环境因子之间的冗余分析(RDA)结果可知，透明度、水温、营养盐是影响轮虫群落结构主要的水环境因子。使用修正的卡森指数法(TSIM)、轮虫污染指示种和生物多样性指数对七星河湿地进行水质评价，结果表明，七星河湿地处于中污水平。

Abstract: In order to study the species composition and spatial-temporal distribution of rotifer, and the re-lationships between water environment factors and community structure in Qixinghe wetland, 12 sampling points were set to collect rotifer and water sample in spring (May), summer (July) and autumn (September). The results showed that there were 37 species of rotifer, belonging to 20 genera identified in Qixinghe wetland, with the most species in summer and the least species in autumn. The average abundance of rotifer in each season from the smallest to biggest is spring < autumn < summer, and the average biomass of rotifer in each season from the smallest to biggest is autumn < summer < spring. A total of 5 dominant species of rotifers were found in Qixinghe wetland, including Trichotria pocillum, Colurella deflexa, Monostyla bulla, Monostyla lunaris and Polyathra trigla. The relationship between water environment factors and the abundance of rotifers was analyzed by redundancy analysis (RDA). The result of RDA showed that the structure of rotifer community was mainly affected by transparency, water temperature and nutrient salt. The water quality evaluation was carried out using the modified Carson Index (TSIM), the rotifer pollution indicators and Shannon-Weaver diversity index in Qixinghe wetland. The results showed that the water quality was moderate pollution in Qixinghe wetland.