颅内肿瘤术后麻醉恢复期并发颅内血肿的相关因素及护理对策

Relative Factors and NursingCountermeasures of IntracranialHematoma in Recovery Period ofAnesthesia after Intracranial TumorOperation

摘要: 目的：探讨颅内肿瘤患者术后麻醉恢复期并发颅内血肿的相关因素和护理对策。方法：选择本院2015年8月~2018年7月收治的接受颅内肿瘤术的患者114例为研究样本，所有患者均接受全麻手术，其中有27例患者术后麻醉恢复期并发颅内血肿，对这27例患者进行术后观察，并分析并发颅内血肿的相关因素，随后给予针对性护理对策。结果：27例术后麻醉恢复期并发颅内血肿的患者有15例显效，9例有效，3例无效，总有效率88.89%。3例无效的患者中有1例术后遗留严重中枢神经功能障碍，2例患者死亡，死亡原因为脑梗塞和多器官功能衰竭综合征。15例显效和9例有效的患者经药物治疗后均恢复良好，入住ICU的平均时间为(6.41 ± 1.59) d。结论：肿瘤位置、高血压、凝血功能障碍等因素是颅内肿瘤术后麻醉恢复期并发颅内血肿的高危因素，采取早期相关护理对策能及时识别颅内血肿，提高患者生存率。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the related factors and nursing strategies of intracranial hematoma in patients with intracranial tumor. Methods: A total of 114 patients with intracranial neoplasms admitted to our hospital from August 2015 to July 2018 were selected as the study samples. All the patients underwent general anesthesia, 27 of whom were complicated with intracranial hematoma during the recovery period of anesthesia. The 27 patients were observed after operation, the related factors of intracranial hematoma were analyzed, and the corresponding nursing countermeasures were given. Results: Among 27 cases of postoperative anesthesia convalescence complicated with intracranial hematoma, 15 cases had remarkable effect, 9 cases were effective and 3 cases had no effect. Among the 3 ineffective patients, one patient died of severe central nervous dysfunction after operation. The causes of death were cerebral infarction and multiple organ failure syndrome. 15 patients had remarkable effect and 9 patients had good recovery after drug treatment. The average time to stay in ICU was (6.41 ± 1.59) days. Conclusion: Tumor location, hypertension and coagulation dysfunction are high risk factors for intracranial hematoma in recovery stage of anesthesia. Early nursing measures can identify intracranial hematoma in time and improve survival rate of patients.