不同生境土壤养分与重金属的变异特征——以商州区为例

Variation Characteristics of Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Different Habitats—Taking Shangzhou District as an Example

摘要: 本文以商州区的三种土壤(花园土、林地土、荒地土)为研究对象，测定其在不同深度(5~10 cm和10~20 cm)的土壤养分(pH值、电导率、全氮、全磷)和重金属(Cu、Zn、Cd、Ni、Mn)含量，并分析土壤养分和各重金属之间的相关性。研究发现，三种不同生境的土壤都属于偏碱性土，花园土的全氮、全磷含量较高，荒地土的重金属含量最高。重金属Cd含量在三种不同生境土壤中均高于新国标(GB 15618-2018)规定的风险筛选值(0.3 mg/kg)。相关性分析表明，电导率与pH、重金属，重金属与pH以及各重金属之间均有一定的显著或极显著相关性，而全氮、全磷含量与pH、电导率、重金属含量之间的相关性不显著。

Abstract: In this paper, three soils (garden soil, forest soil, and wasteland soil) in Shangzhou District were used as research objects to determine soil nutrients (pH, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phos-phorus) and heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Mn) content at different depths (5 - 10 cm and 10 - 20 cm)，and the correlation between soil nutrients and heavy metals was analyzed. Through the study, we found that the soil of the three different habitats belonged to alkaline soil, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of garden soil were high, and the heavy metal content of wasteland soil was the highest. The content of heavy metal Cd in the soil of the three different habitats is all higher than the risk screening value (0.3 mg/kg) stipulated in the new national standard (GB 15618-2018). By analyzing the correlation between them, the results show that the conductivity is significantly correlated with pH and heavy metals, and there is a certain or extremely significant correlation between heavy metals and pH and other heavy metals. There was no significant correlation between total nitrogen or total phosphorus content with pH, electrical conductivity and heavy metal content.