情绪激活对个体自欺水平影响的实验研究

An Experimental Study on the Effect of Emotional Activation on Self-Deception

摘要: 自欺现象在生活中非常普遍，它可以减少人们说谎时的认知负荷，并在一定程度上帮助个体抵御负面情绪和负性的自我认知。但另一方面，个体的高自欺水平往往与低自尊联系在一起，随着自我洞察力提升，个体会希望减少自欺。本文的初衷是探究降低个体自欺水平的有效的途径。前人研究指出情绪影响着个体的认知过程，于是猜想个体在认知过程中产生自欺可能受到情绪状态的影响，个体为了调节心理状态而发生自我欺骗。所以本研究运用了视频片段激活个体情绪并采用点追踪实验范式对其自欺水平进行研究，旨在考察个体在情绪唤起状态下自我欺骗水平的变化情况。最终的结论——处于情绪(悲伤、恐惧、快乐)唤起状态的个体相较于中性情绪组有更高的自欺水平——为心理工作者提供了实证支持。

Abstract: Self-deception is a common phenomenon in life. It can reduce the cognitive load when people lie and help individuals to resist negative emotions and negative self-cognition to a certain extent. However, on the other hand, individuals’ high level of self-deception is often associated with low self-esteem. With the improvement of self-perception, individuals hope to reduce self-deception. The original intention of this paper is to explore an effective way to reduce the level of individuals’ self-deception. Previous studies have pointed out that emotions affect an individual’s cognitive process, so it is assumed that self-deception in the cognitive process may be affected by emotional state, and self-deception occurs in order to adjust the psychological state. Therefore, this study uses video fragment to activate individuals’ emotions and adopts the dot-tracking experiment paradigm to study their self-deception level, aiming to investigate the changes of individual self-deception level under the emotional arousal state. The final conclusion that individuals under the emotional arousal state (sadness, fear and happiness) have a higher level of self-deception than those in the neutral emotional group provides empirical support for psychological workers.