高层建筑地下室顶板错层处抗震构造措施分析

Analysis on Seismic Measures of the Staggered Floor of the Basement of High-Rise Buildings

摘要: 高层建筑剪力墙结构中，当因错层导致地下室顶板不连续时，水平地震力将通过地下室顶板或室外侧向土传到错层处的剪力墙上。为避免地震作用下该错层部位发生的脆性剪切或扭转破坏，影响整体结构的抗震性能，有必要在工程设计中采取相关加强措施以减小地下室顶板错层带来的不利影响。本文采用YJK建筑结构设计软件，对工程中地下室顶板错层的高层剪力墙结构几种常用的构造加强措施进行反应谱法分析，得到不同加强措施下结构整体模型的抗震性能指标以及剪力墙的内力和应力分布，对比结果表明：三种构造措施下结构的动力特性以及地震反应特征区别很小，对计算结果几乎没有影响；斜梁板构造与分布错层构造均能有效地降低错层处的最大剪力和峰值应力，且应力分布较均匀；加腋构造对剪力墙受力情况有一定程度的改善，应力分布与错层处无构造措施的结构类似，传力效果不如前两种构造措施。

Abstract: In the high-rise building shear wall structure, when the basement roof is discontinuous due to the faulty layer, the horizontal seismic force will pass through the basement roof or the outdoor lateral soil to the shear wall at the staggered layer. In order to avoid the brittle shear or torsional failure of the fault layer under the action of earthquake and affect the seismic performance of the whole structure, it is necessary to take relevant strengthening measures in the engineering design to reduce the adverse effects caused by the staggered layer of the basement. In this paper, YJK building structure design software is used to analyze the common structural strengthening measures of the high-rise shear wall structure in the basement of the basement in the project, and the seismic performance index and shear wall of the overall structural model under different strengthening measures are obtained. The internal force and stress distribution show that the dynamic characteristics and seismic response characteristics of the structure under the three structural measures are very small, and have little effect on the calculation results; both the in-clined beam plate structure and the distributed staggered structure can effectively reduce the maximum shear force and peak stress at the staggered layer, and the stress distribution is rela-tively uniform; the twisted structure has a certain degree of improvement on the stress of the shear wall, and the stress distribution is similar to the structure without structural measures at the staggered layer, and the force transmission effect is not as good as the first two construction measures.