海稻86芒性状特点及遗传分析
The Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Awn in Haidao86
DOI: 10.12677/BR.2019.83030, PDF,    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 吕品苍, 屈天歌, 贺文婷, 刘勇涛, 张献华, 何玉池, 宋兆建：湖北大学生命科学学院，湖北 武汉；王 维, 蔡得田：湖北大学生命科学学院，湖北 武汉；武汉多倍体生物科技有限公司，湖北 武汉
关键词: 海稻86；芒；无芒突变；杂交；遗传分析；Haidao86； Awn； Awnless Mutation； Hybridization； Genetic Analysis
摘要: 海水稻的研究和利用对盐碱地的开发使用具有重要意义。海水稻原始材料海稻86具有长芒，但芒在生产中是不利性状。为了解海稻86芒的特点及遗传规律，本研究利用海稻86及本实验室发现的海稻86无芒突变体为材料，通过有性杂交获得二者的正、反交杂种，对杂种及亲本的主要农艺性状、芒的特点进行了详细比较，通过F1的性状表现及F2群体的分离情况，分析了芒的遗传方式。结果表明，杂种及亲本在主要农艺性状上无明显差异；在芒性状表现上，海稻86为全芒型，而正反、交杂种均表现为顶芒型；但不论全芒型还是顶芒型，芒的分布都具有一定的规律性。F2群体分离出全芒型、顶芒型和无芒型3种表型，X2测验结果符合预期1:2:1分离比。说明海稻86芒的性状由1对核基因控制，且为不完全显性。研究结果为海水稻芒基因的定位、克隆和功能分析奠定了基础。
Abstract: The research and utilization of seawater rice are of great significance to the development of sa-line-alkali land. Haidao86, the original material of seawater rice, has long awn, but awn is an un-favorable characteristic during harvest and processing. In order to understand the characteristics and inheritance of awn in Haidao86, Haidao86 and its awnless mutant that was found by our lab were used to make reciprocal hybrids. Then, the main agronomic traits and awn characteristics of hybrids and parents were compared in detail. The genetic pattern of awn was analyzed through the performance of F1 and the segregation of F2 population. The results showed that there was no significant difference in main agronomic traits between hybrids and their parents. In the performance of awn traits, Haidao86 was full awn type, while reciprocal hybrids were both top awn type. The distribution characteristics of full awn and top awn were summarized. Furthermore, three phenotypes, full awn, top awn and awnless, were segregated in F2 population. The segregation ratio was 1:2:1 and was confirmed by chi-square test. These indicated that the awn character of Haidao86 was controlled by one pair of nuclear gene that showed incomplete dominance. The results laid a foundation for mapping, cloning and function analysis of awn gene in Haidao86.
文章引用：吕品苍, 王维, 屈天歌, 贺文婷, 刘勇涛, 张献华, 何玉池, 宋兆建, 蔡得田. 海稻86芒性状特点及遗传分析[J]. 植物学研究, 2019, 8(3): 222-230. https://doi.org/10.12677/BR.2019.83030

参考文献

[1] 杨军, 王海凤, 郭涛. 海稻86的籼粳性鉴定[J]. 山东农业科学, 2016, 48(10): 24-26.
[2] 陈雨生, 王平, 王克响, 陈宁, 赵露. 我国海水稻产业发展的战略选择[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版), 2018, (1): 50-54.
[3] 闵绍楷, 申宗坦, 熊振民, 主编. 水稻育种学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1996.
[4] 盖钧镒, 主编. 作物育种学各论[M]. 第2版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2006.
[5] Song, Z.-J., Du, C.-Q., Zhang, X.-H., et al. (2014) Studies on Awns in Polyploid Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Preliminary Cross Experiments of a Special Awnless Tetraploid Rice. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 61, 797-807. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[6] 杨弘远. 水稻生殖生物学[M]. 杭州: 浙江大学出版社, 2005.
[7] Sweeney, M. and McCouch, S. (2007) The Complex History of the Domestication of Rice. Annals of Botany, 100, 951-957. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Gong, Y., Borromeo, T. and Lu, B.-R. (2000) A Biosystematic Study of the Oryza meyeriana Complex (Poaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution, 224, 139-151. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] Sato, S., Ishikawa, S., Shimono, M. and Shinjyo, C. (1996) Genetic Studies on an Awnness Gene An-4 on Chromosome 8 in Rice, Oryza sativa L. Japanese Journal of Breeding, 46, 321-327. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[10] Kurakazu, T., Sobrizal, K. and Yoshimura, A. (2001) RFLP Mapping of Genes for Awn on Chromosomes 4 and 5 in Rice Using Oryza meridionalis Introgression Lines. Rice Genetics Newsletters, 18, 28-29.
[11] Fuller, D.Q. (2007) Contrasting Patterns in Crop Domestication and Domestication Rates: Recent Archaeobotanical Insights from the Old World. Annals of Botany, 100, 903-924. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Hu, G.-L., Zhang, D.-L., Pan, H.-Q., et al. (2011) Fine Mapping of the Awn Gene on Chromosome 4 in Rice by Association and Linkage Analyses. Chinese Science Bulletin, 56, 835-839. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] 王开锡, 张居念. 稻芒及其在杂交后代表现的调查[J]. 福建稻麦科技, 2003, 21(1): 9-10.
[14] Sang, T. and Ge, S. (2007) The Puzzle of Rice Domestication. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 49, 760-768. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[15] 肖珂, 巩迎军, 张俊芝, 张永娟, 董彦君. 水稻芒长及其分布特征相关QTL的定位[J]. 上海师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 37(6): 606-612.
[16] Gu, X.-Y., Kianian, S.F., Hareland, G.A., Hoffer, B.L. and Foley, M.E. (2005) Genetic Analysis of Adaptive Syndromes Interrelated with Seed Dormancy in Weedy Rice (Oryza sativa). Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 110, 1108-1118. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Yue, B., Cui, K.-H., Yu, S.-B., Xue, W., Luo, L. and Xing, Y.-Z. (2006) Molecular Marker-Assisted Dissection of Quantitative Trait Loci for Seven Morphological Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Euphytica, 150, 131-139. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] Chao, L.-F. (1928) Linkage Studies in Rice. Genetics, 13, 133-169.
[19] Kuang, H.-H., Tu, D.-S. and Chang, Y.-H. (1946) Linkage Studies of Awn in Cultivated Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Genetics, 47, 249-259. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[20] 中国农业科学院, 主编. 中国稻作学[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1986.
[21] 邵游, 唐锡华, 黄庆榴, 曹国仪. 野生稻与栽培稻杂交后代的性状遗传规律[J]. 上海农业学报, 1991, 7(2): 1-9.
[22] 朱立煌, 何平. 水稻分子连锁图谱及重要性状的基因定位[J]. 复旦学报(自然科学版), 1998, 37(4): 509-512.
[23] Kubo, T., Takano, K.T. and Yoshimura, A. (2001) RFLP Mapping of Genes for Long Kernel and Awn on Chromosome 3 in Rice. Rice Genetics Newsletters, 18, 26-28.
[24] Cai, H. and Morishima, H. (2002) QTL Clusters Reflect Character Associations in Wild and Cultivated Rice. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 104, 1217-1228. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Matsushita, S., Sanchez, P.L., Sobrizal, N., et al. (2003) Identification of New Alleles of Awnness Genes, An7 and An8, in Rice Using Oryza glumaepatula Introgression Lines. Rice Genetics Newsletters, 20, 19-20.
[26] Thomson, M.J., Tai, T.-H., McClung, A.M., et al. (2003) Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Yield, Yield Components and Morphological Traits in an Advanced Backcross Population between Oryza rufipogon and the Oryza sativa Cultivar Jefferson. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 107, 479-493. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Luo, J.H., Liu, H., Zhou, T.Y., et al. (2013) An-1 Encodes a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein that Regulates Awn Development, Grain Size, and Grain Number in Rice. Plant Cell, 25, 3360-3376. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Hua, L., Wang, D.-R., Tan, L.B., et al. (2015) LABA1, a Domestication Gene Associated with Long, Barbed Awns in wild Rice. Plant Cell, 27, 1875-1888. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Gu, B.-G., Zhou, T.-Y., Luo, J.-H., et al. (2015) An-2 Encodes a Cytokinin Synthesis Enzyme that Regulates Awn Length and Grain Production in Rice. Molecular Plant, 8, 1635-1650. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Jin, J., Hua, L., Zhu, Z.-F., et al. (2016) GAD1 Encodes a Secreted Peptide that Regulates Grain Number, Grain Length, and Awn Development in Rice Domestication. Plant Cell, 28, 2453-2463. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] 杨德卫, 郑向华, 程朝平, 叶宁, 黄凤凰, 叶新福. 基于CSSLs群体定位和图位克隆水稻长芒基因GAD1-2 [J]. 遗传, 2018, 40(12): 1101-1111.