云南博南山自然保护区土壤发育及性状特征分析

Soil Development and Characteristic Analysis of Bonan Mountain Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province

摘要: 博南山自然保护区是森林资源的重要分布地区，对生物多样性维护和生态系统保护具有十分重要的作用。本次调查主要围绕保护区国有保护林区进行。通过实地观察原有自然地理环境，分析了保护区内土壤形成的自然、人为条件，并采集了具有典型代表性的棕壤、黄棕壤、黄红壤三种土壤样品。通过室内化学分析，测定保护区内土壤样品有机质、全量养分、速效养分等指标，进而对保护区的土壤分布状况以及养分情况进行评价分析。结果表明，保护区内土壤分布具有明显的垂直地带性特征，土壤肥力普遍较高，但存在易于发生侵蚀的问题。通过与保护区原有的数据资料进行对比分析，提出改善保护区土壤环境、完善保护区管理的对策、措施，结果可为保护区生态建设提供科学依据。

Abstract: The Bonan Mountain Nature Reserve is an important distribution area of forest resources, which plays an important role in biodiversity conservation and ecosystem protection. This survey is mainly carried out around the state-owned protected forest area of the Bonan Mountain Nature Reserve. Through the observation of the original natural geographical environment, the natural and artificial conditions of soil formation in the protected area are analyzed, and three representative soil samples of brown soil, yellow brown soil and yellow red soil are collected. Through indoor chemical analysis, the indicators of organic matter, total nutrient and available nutrients of soil samples are determined, and then, the soil distribution status and nutrient status are evaluated in the Reserve. The results show that the soil distribution in the Reserve has obvious vertical zonal characteristics, and the soil fertility is generally high, but there is a problem of easy erosion. By comparing and analyzing the original data of the Reserve, the measures for improving the soil environment and management in the Reserve are put forward. The results can provide scientific basis for ecological construction of the Reserves.